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Wonsan Air Festival Highlights, the First Air Show in North Korea

Wonsan Air Festival Highlights, the First Air Show in North Korea

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Sikorsky-Boeing SB-1 Defiant & Bell-Lockheed Martin V-280 Valor

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The Bell Helicopter design, which is 
called the V-280 Valor, is an advanced tilt-rotor design that is based 
upon technology similar to the Bell-Boeing V-22 Osprey </div>
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The Sikorsky-Boeing entry, called the SB-1 Defiant, is a compound helicopter design with co-axial rotors and a pusher-propeller. <i>dailymail</i></div>
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<span id="ext-gen112" style="font-size: 1.2em;">Two
 teams - Sikorsky-Boeing with their Defiant, and Bell 
Helicopter-Lockheed Martin with their V280, are also vying for the 
lucractive contract to create a manned version of the  'supercopter'.</span></div>
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">Both are set to take off for the first time next year in the final stage of the battle to replace the Black Hawk.</span><div class="imageCaption">
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<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">The
 two prototype aircraft will be built and flown as part of a project 
called the Joint Multi Role Technology Demonstrator Air Vehicle, which 
will then inform the Army's Future Vertical Lift (FVL) program to 
replace the long-serving Sikorsky UH-60 Black Hawk and Boeing AH-64E 
Apache.</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">The FVL program will also inform the US Navy's MH-XX program to replace the MH-60 Seahawk.</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<br /></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">Bell revealed this week it believes it's entrant could enter service in 2024. </span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">'There's
 no real technology that needs to be further developed for us to be able
 to design and develop an aircraft that meets those requirements,' said 
Vince Tobin, Bell's vice president of advanced tiltrotor systems, 
according to <a class="" href="http://www.defenseone.com/technology/2016/04/futuristic-aircraft-may-replace-black-hawk-will-fly-next-year/127929/?oref=d-topstory" rel="nofollow" style="font-weight: bold;" target="_blank">DefenceOne</a>. </span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
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<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">'Our
 big push now is that, after we fly this and prove out that we can build
 this aircraft, that we are ready to go into engineering and 
manufacturing development.'</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">The
 Sikorsky-Boeing team is also hoping to fly in 2017, said Doug Shidler, 
Sikorsky's program director for its Joint Multi-Role tech demonstrator.</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">'The
 intent of the JMR TD effort is to maximize the knowledge gain and risk 
reduction toward an anticipated Future Vertical Lift acquisition 
program,' said Dan Bailey, the Army's JMR/FVL program director when the 
two finalists were announced. </span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
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<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">Two
 other teams led by Karem Aircraft and AVX Aircraft were not selected 
for continued development, but the service is still interested in their 
technologies.</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">'The
 Army will seek to continue technology development efforts with those 
teams based on resources and opportunities,' the service said.</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<br /></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">The
 Sikorsky-Boeing entry, called the SB-1 Defiant, is a compound 
helicopter design with co-axial rotors and a pusher-propeller.  </span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">The
 Bell Helicopter design, which is called the V-280 Valor, is an advanced
 tilt-rotor design that is based upon technology similar to the 
Bell-Boeing V-22 Osprey. </span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">The new tilt-rotor is smaller, faster and much more manoeuvrable than the Osprey and has a top speed of over 300 knots.</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;"><span class="">The Future Vertical Lift (FVL) is a program to develop a family of military helicopters for the United States Armed Forces. </span></span></div>
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The
 Bell Helicopter design, which is called the V-280 Valor, is an advanced
 tilt-rotor design that is based upon technology similar to the 
Bell-Boeing V-22 Osprey.</div>
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The Bell V280 program completed its final design and risk review period in August, and construction has already begun. <i>dailymail</i></div>
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<span style="font-size: 1.2em;"><span class="">Four different sizes of aircraft are to be developed, and they will </span><span class=""> share common hardware such as sensors, avionics, engines, and weapons.</span><span class=""> </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 1.2em;"><span class=""></span></span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;"><span class="">It
 will eventually lead to replacements for the Army's UH-60 Black Hawk, 
AH-64 Apache, CH-47 Chinook, and OH-58 Kiowa helicopters.</span></span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;"><span class="">The
 precursor for FVL is the Joint Multi-Role (JMR) helicopter program, 
which will provide technology demonstrations planned for 2017. </span></span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">Chris
 Gehler, director of Bell Helicopter's advanced tilt-rotor systems, said
 the V280 program completed its final design and risk review period in 
August. Spirit Aerosystems has completed building the fuselage in 
Wichita, Kansas, and shipped it to Amarillo just before AUSA.</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font" id="ext-gen113">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">'This is real. The aircraft is coming together now,' Gehler told<a class="" href="http://www.defensenews.com/story/defense/show-daily/ausa/2015/10/13/jmr-helicopter-demo-shows-strong-industry-commitment-to-future-vertical-lift/73776790/" rel="nofollow" style="font-weight: bold;" target="_blank"> Defense News</a>. </span></div>
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Spirit Aerosystems has completed 
building the fuselage in Wichita, Kansas, and shipped it to Amarillo 
ahead of flight tests in 2017<span style="font-size: small;">. </span><span style="font-size: large;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">dailymail</span></i></span></div>
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                                <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">THE DEFIANT-1 </span></span></h3>
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<span id="ext-gen111" style="font-size: 1.2em;"> </span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span id="ext-gen111" style="font-size: 1.2em;">The Sikorsky-Boeing entry, called the SB-1 Defiant, is a compound helicopter design with co-axial rotors and a pusher-propeller.</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">The design will have a cruise speed of 250 kn (290 mph; 460 km/h), but less range due to using the 'old' T55 engine. </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">The
 SB-1 will be quick and nimble, with fast acceleration and deceleration,
 side-to-side movement, and hovering with the tail up and nose down.</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">The Defiant demonstrator will be powered by the Honeywell T55, which powers the CH-47 Chinook.</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">It will be slightly modified to better operate at slower speeds down to 85% rpm.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">'We've
 got all kinds of pieces and parts, different technologies and things 
that are yielding today and starting to flow to Amarillo.'</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">'About
 this time next year,' he said, the aircraft will look ready to fly and 
the team will be running pre-flight checks, ground runs, shake tests and
 other reliability activities.</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">The
 U.S. Army-led Joint Multi-Role Demonstrator (JMR-TD) program is the 
science and technology precursor to the Department of Defense's Future 
Vertical Lift program expected to replace 2,000 to 4,000 medium-class 
utility and attack helicopters. </span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">The
 U.S. Army and Department of Defense are seeking leap-ahead capabilities
 and have identified a speed of 230+ knots as a key discriminating 
capability. </span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">The U.S. Army's current helicopter fleet cruises at 140 knots. </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">The 
Bell Helicopter design, which is called the V-280 Valor, is an advanced 
tilt-rotor design that is based upon technology similar to the 
Bell-Boeing V-22 Osprey. </span></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">The new tilt-rotor is smaller, faster and much more manoeuvrable than the Osprey and has a top speed of over 300 knots.</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">The first flight of the next generation tiltrotor is scheduled for the second half of 2017. </span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">The
 V-280 tiltrotor will provide unmatched speed, range and payload, along 
with unmatched agility at the objective, Boeing says.  </span></div>
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The first flight of the next generation tiltrotor is scheduled for the second half of 2017.<span style="font-size: large;"> <i><span style="font-size: small;">dailymail</span></i></span></div>
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  <span>Read more:</span>
  <ul>
<li><a class="js-tl" href="http://www.defensenews.com/story/defense/show-daily/ausa/2015/10/13/jmr-helicopter-demo-shows-strong-industry-commitment-to-future-vertical-lift/73776790/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Industry Hopes Army's Future Vertical Lift Program Takes Off</a></li>
<li><a class="js-tl" href="http://www.defenseone.com/technology/2016/04/futuristic-aircraft-may-replace-black-hawk-will-fly-next-year/127929/?oref=d-topstory" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">The Futuristic Aircraft That May Replace the Black Hawk Will Fly Next Year - Defense One</a></li>
</ul>
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<b><span style="font-size: large;">Bell<i>-</i><span id="ext-gen112">Lockheed Martin</span> V-280 Valor</span></b></div>
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 <b><span style="font-size: large;">Sikorsky-Boeing SB-1 Defiant</span></b><br />
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Sikorsky-Boeing SB-1 Defiant & Bell-Lockheed Martin V-280 Valor

The Bell Helicopter design, which is called the V-280 Valor, is an advanced tilt-rotor design that is based upon technology similar to the Bell-Boeing V-22 Osprey The …

V-247 Vigilant: Tiltrotor drone can transform between helicopter and plane

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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOl8hoxYKSJQVHvdaIMQIdjsR3zz45PhD4bHRDltA6w4-FoEjT6c2CalV7OpTtXfprwlZ61PrT17TAiPDk1uAa95wMvUg7I_4Z2Mp6QoXK4qw13-5jMQPsYuRujKOrl8PJwN7akj53lN0/s1600/uav+V-247+Vigilant.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="422" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOl8hoxYKSJQVHvdaIMQIdjsR3zz45PhD4bHRDltA6w4-FoEjT6c2CalV7OpTtXfprwlZ61PrT17TAiPDk1uAa95wMvUg7I_4Z2Mp6QoXK4qw13-5jMQPsYuRujKOrl8PJwN7akj53lN0/s640/uav+V-247+Vigilant.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
V-247 Vigilant, Bell says it
 will 'combine the vertical lift capability of a helicopter with the 
speed and range of a conventional fixed-wing aircraft'.<br />
<br />
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">Bell has unveiled a radical new tiltrotor drone that could be launched from warships to carry out attacks automatically.</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span id="ext-gen106" style="font-size: 1.2em;">Called
 the V-247 Vigilant, Bell says it will 'combine the vertical lift 
capability of a helicopter with the speed and range of a conventional 
fixed-wing aircraft'.</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">It boasts the craft could be in service by 2023, and is able to take off from anywhere - even a dangerous ship's deck. </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">'The
 Bell V-247 Vigilant is the next leap in innovation making the future of
 aviation a reality today – it's a testament to the power and 
versatility of tiltrotor flight,' said Mitch Snyder, president and CEO 
at Bell Helicopter. </span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">'The
 unmanned tiltrotor is the latest example of how we are changing the way
 the world flies, taking our customers into the dynamic world of 
next-generation aircraft.' </span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">The
 aviation giant says the UAS is designed to provide 'unmatched 
long-endurance persistent expeditionary and surveillance capability and 
lethal reach, as well as runway independence to operate successfully in 
maritime environments and locations without secure runway availability.'</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">The
 bays on the Bell V-247 Vigilant are designed to carry high definition 
sensors, fuel, sonar buoys, light detection and ranging (LiDAR) modules,
 360-degree surface radar modules, an MK-50 torpedo or Hellfire or JAGM 
missiles optimally.</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;"> With
 its signature blade fold wing stow design, it will fit inside a DDG 
hangar space, and two can be loaded on a C-17 aircraft. </span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font" id="ext-gen108">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">'Leveraging
 lessons learned from our extensive history and experience with 
tiltrotors, we have found the best available solution to fulfill the 
Marine Corps need for a Group 5 UAS,' said Vince Tobin, vice president, 
advanced tiltrotor systems at Bell Helicopter. </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 1.2em;"> 'The Bell 
V-247 Vigilant will give military customers the capabilities needed to 
reduce the complexity of deployment, increase speed of employment, 
reduce mission times and increase response time – all critical elements 
to completing missions to save lives and protect our freedom.'</span></div>
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The
 aviation giant says the UAS is designed to provide 'unmatched 
long-endurance persistent expeditionary and surveillance capability and 
lethal reach, as well as runway independence to operate successfully in 
maritime environments and locations without secure runway availability.'</div>
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                                <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">VIGILANT SPECS: </span></span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">-  Single engine tiltrotor unmanned aerial system </span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">-  250 knots cruise speed; 180 knots endurance speed; >300 knots at maximum continuous power</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">-  Combat range: 450 nautical miles mission radius</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">-  Time on station: 11 hours </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">-  Can hold a combination of fuel, armament, and sensors, up to 13,000 pounds </span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">Air-to-air refueling </span></div>
<br />
<br />
<b>BELL HELICOPTER/LOCKHEED MARTIN'S V280 Valor</b>
<br />
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<b>Sikorsky-Boeing SB-1 Defiant</b> 
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V-247 Vigilant: Tiltrotor drone can transform between helicopter and plane

V-247 Vigilant, Bell says it will 'combine the vertical lift capability of a helicopter with the speed and range of a conventional fixed-wing aircraft'. Bell has unveiled a radical new tiltrotor dr…

Radical hypersonic engine to take to the skies

<div class="image-wrap fff-pic" style="cursor: pointer;">
<img alt="The Oxfordshire-based firm has been developing a turbine that combines both jet and rocket technologies to achieve rates five times the speed of sound, to fly anywhere in the world in just four hours" class="blkBorder img-share" height="411" id="i-3de34ee97994867f" src="http://mol-images.s3.amazonaws.com/i/newpix/2016/09/26/23/38D2508A00000578-0-image-a-26_1474927727645.jpg" width="634" /><div class="share-pictures-overlay" id="share-pictures-1">
  
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: small;">Sabre engine.</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;"><span style="font-size: small;"> The Oxfordshire-based firm has been 
developing a turbine that combines both jet and rocket technologies to 
achieve rates five times the speed of sound, to fly anywhere in the 
world in just four hours</span> </span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<br /></div>
<h3 class="mol-para-with-font" style="text-align: left;">
'Fighter jet' sized 4,000mph engine that could go from New York to London in under two hours to be built</h3>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<br /></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">Plans for a
 revolutionary hypersonic propulsion system have now taken a big step 
toward the construction of a ground demonstrator – but at roughly a 
quarter the size of the original vision.</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">Reaction
 Engines Ltd has scaled back its design for the Sabre engine to bring 
about a demonstrator that is more affordable and better suited to early 
applications, including a potential X-plane.</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">The
 Oxfordshire-based firm has been developing a turbine that combines both
 jet and rocket technologies to achieve rates five times the speed of 
sound, to fly anywhere in the world in just four hours.</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<br /></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">Rather
 than aiming for a demonstrator that can achieve more than 150,000 lb 
thrust, the firm will instead now target an engine size capable of 
roughly 44,000 lb thrust, according to <a class="" href="http://m.aviationweek.com/technology/reaction-engines-refines-hypersonic-engine-demonstrator-plan" rel="nofollow" style="font-weight: bold;" target="_blank">Aviation Week Network.</a></span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">In
 the new plans for the Sabre demonstrator, researchers will target a 
smaller engine similar in size to the F135 engine for the F-35 joint 
Strike Fighter (JSF).</span></div>
<div>
<div class="related-carousel with-fb sciencetech" data-track-module="am-related_carousel^related_carousel" data-track-pos="static" data-track-selector=".rotator-panels a:not([class*=external])" id="p-24">
 </div>
</div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">Such a
 system, scaled back due to the slowness of funding, could be used in 
multistage vehicles or hypersonic craft the size of an X-plane.</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">‘It
 is now more affordable, more rapid to execute and will potentially find
 its first application quicker,’ Reaction CEO Mark Thomas told Aviation 
Week Network.</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">‘It’s
 a quarter of Sabre, effectively. In an application for something like 
Skylon, the engine would have four combustion chambers connecting to the
 single nozzle, a bypass system and the same turbomachinery, intake and 
heat exchanger.</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<br /></div>
<div class="artSplitter mol-img-group">
    <div class="mol-img">

<div class="image-wrap fff-pic" style="cursor: pointer;">
<img alt="In the new plans for the Sabre demonstrator, researchers will target a smaller engine similar in size to the F135 engine for the F-35 joint Strike Fighter (pictured)" class="blkBorder img-share" height="498" id="i-af890743f1965e1f" src="http://mol-images.s3.amazonaws.com/i/newpix/2016/09/26/23/38D25DD100000578-0-image-a-33_1474928261870.jpg" width="634" /><div class="share-pictures-overlay" id="share-pictures-2">
  
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="imageCaption">
In the new plans for the Sabre 
demonstrator, researchers will target a smaller engine similar in size 
to the F135 engine for the F-35 joint Strike Fighter (pictured)</div>
<div class="imageCaption">
<br /></div>
<div class="imageCaption">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="art-ins mol-factbox sciencetech" id="74be5570-8436-11e6-9fac-bf68b2141a9e">
                            <h3 class="wocc">
<span style="background-color: #fff2cc;"><b>FUTURE OF FLIGHT? HOW THE SABRE JET ENGINE WORKS</b></span></h3>
<div class="ins cleared xolcc bdrcc">
<div class="mol-img-group float-r">
    <div class="mol-img">

<div class="image-wrap fff-pic">
<img alt="A model of the revolutionary Sabre engine is pictured  " class="blkBorder img-share" height="210" id="i-1f70e4470def49ef" src="http://mol-images.s3.amazonaws.com/i/newpix/2016/09/26/23/38D24FA800000578-0-image-m-30_1474927848912.jpg" width="306" /></div>
</div>
<div class="imageCaption">
<span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">A model of the revolutionary Sabre engine is pictured  </span></div>
<div class="imageCaption">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="background-color: #fff2cc;"><span style="font-size: 1.2em;">The
 revolutionary Sabre engine could allow aircraft to take off from a 
runway and accelerate to five times the speed of sound, before switching
 to a rocket mode, propelling it into orbit.</span></span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="background-color: #fff2cc;"><span style="font-size: 1.2em;">The Sabre engine works by burning atmospheric air in combustion chambers. </span></span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="background-color: #fff2cc;"><span style="font-size: 1.2em;">It then uses the heat to turbo-charge the engine.</span></span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="background-color: #fff2cc;"><span style="font-size: 1.2em;">At
 the moment, rockets have to carry liquid oxygen and liquid hydrogen to 
power them and the cost of carrying this heavy fuel is expensive. </span></span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="background-color: #fff2cc;"><span style="font-size: 1.2em;">The
 new engine creates its own liquid oxygen by cooling air entering the 
engine from 1,000°C to minus 150°C in a hundredth of a second – six 
times faster than the blink of an eye – without creating ice blockages.</span></span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<br /></div>
<div class="artSplitter mol-img-group">
    <div class="mol-img">

<div class="image-wrap fff-pic" style="cursor: pointer;">
<span style="background-color: #fff2cc;"><img alt="The revolutionary Sabre engine could allow aircraft to take off from a runway and accelerate to five times the speed of sound, before switching to a rocket mode, propelling it into orbit. A computer generated image of the ground demonstrator is pictured " class="blkBorder img-share" height="487" id="i-6fee8f882282e7cb" src="http://mol-images.s3.amazonaws.com/i/newpix/2016/09/26/23/38D24F7D00000578-0-image-a-29_1474927825765.jpg" width="624" /></span><div class="share-pictures-overlay" id="share-pictures-3">
  
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="imageCaption">
<span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">The revolutionary Sabre engine could 
allow aircraft to take off from a runway and accelerate to five times 
the speed of sound, before switching to a rocket mode, propelling it 
into orbit. A computer generated image of the ground demonstrator is 
pictured.  <i>dailymail</i></span></div>
<div class="imageCaption">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="background-color: #fff2cc;"><span style="font-size: 1.2em;">This
 new class of aerospace engine is designed to enable aircraft to operate
 from standstill on the runway to speeds of over five times the speed of
 sound in the atmosphere. </span></span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="background-color: #fff2cc;"><span style="font-size: 1.2em;">It
 can then transition to a rocket mode of operation, allowing spaceflight
 at speeds up to orbital velocity, equivalent to 25 times the speed of 
sound.</span></span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="background-color: #fff2cc;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<br /></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">‘There
 is a view that you could modularize the engine to a far higher degree, 
so that you could have four compressors and still have a large heat 
exchanger. From this point onward you could go completely modular, so if
 you could demonstrate one element, then it is all about integration.’</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">Along
 with a JSF-sized engine for the ground demonstrator, the firm plans to 
solve the power gap between air-breathing and rocket engines.</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">While the engine is still in the design phase, the firm plans to see three main test phases stretching into the 2020s.</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">It’s
 hoped that the first test will take place within the next 12-15 months,
 the CEO tells AWN, with a focus on the heat exchanger and the core.</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<br /></div>
<div class="artSplitter mol-img-group">
    <div class="mol-img">

<div class="image-wrap fff-pic" style="cursor: pointer;">
<img alt="Rather than aiming for a demonstrator that can achieve more than 150,000 lb thrust, the firm will instead now target an engine size capable of roughly 44,000 lb thrust. Pictured, an artist's impression of the Lapcat A2 craft flying at Mach 5" class="blkBorder img-share" height="361" id="i-b9095df2e5c05df2" src="http://mol-images.s3.amazonaws.com/i/newpix/2016/09/26/23/38D24F9400000578-0-Rather_than_aiming_for_a_demonstrator_that_can_achieve_more_than-m-32_1474928235437.jpg" width="634" /><div class="share-pictures-overlay" id="share-pictures-4">
  
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="imageCaption">
Rather than aiming for a demonstrator 
that can achieve more than 150,000 lb thrust, the firm will instead now 
target an engine size capable of roughly 44,000 lb thrust. </div>
<div class="imageCaption">
Pictured, an 
artist's impression of the Lapcat A2 craft flying at Mach 5</div>
<div class="imageCaption">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="artSplitter mol-img-group">
    <div class="mol-img">

<div class="image-wrap fff-pic" style="cursor: pointer;">
<img alt="Here, a concept of the Skylon spaceplane using the engine is shown. But now, Reaction Engines Ltd has scaled back its design for the Sabre engine to bring about a demonstrator that is more affordable and better suited to early applications, including a potential X-plane" class="blkBorder img-share" height="448" id="i-246d2e0fbde4222d" src="http://mol-images.s3.amazonaws.com/i/newpix/2016/09/26/23/38D24F8400000578-0-image-a-35_1474928327122.jpg" width="634" /><div class="share-pictures-overlay" id="share-pictures-5">
  
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="imageCaption">
Here, a concept of the <i>Skylon 
spaceplane</i> using the engine is shown. But now, Reaction Engines Ltd has 
scaled back its design for the Sabre engine to bring about a 
demonstrator that is more affordable and better suited to early 
applications, including a potential X-plane. <i>dailymail</i></div>
<div class="imageCaption">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">Then, the team will move on to the integrated engine tests in 2020-2021.</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">The
 system will undergo sea-level testing, and researchers will simulate 
high velocity air by heating the air flow. And, they will run wind 
tunnel tests to assess flow conditions.</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">In the third phase, the firm is looking toward concepts of an X-plane or flight demonstration aircraft to put it to the test.</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">The
 core will eventually be tested in the UK, meaning Reaction will need to
 build a test facility with a hydrogen/air breathing preburner. </span></div>
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</div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">In July, it was announced that the European Space Agency has invested $11 million toward the development of the engine.</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">Along
 with this, Reaction Engines announced that it had secured over $66 
million in funding from the British government, with more than $55 
million from the UK Space Agency, and the ESA contribution acting as the
 final piece.</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">At
 the moment, rockets have to carry liquid oxygen and liquid hydrogen to 
power them and the cost of carrying this heavy fuel is expensive.</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">The
 new engine creates its own liquid oxygen by cooling air entering the 
engine from 1,000°C to minus 150°C in a hundredth of a second – six 
times faster than the blink of an eye – without creating ice blockages.</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font" id="ext-gen39">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">This
 allows the engine to run safely at much higher power than is currently 
possible, without the risk that it will overheat and break apart. </span><i>dailymail</i></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: medium none; color: black; overflow: hidden; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;">
<br /></div>
<br />
<b>Lapcat A2 craft flying at Mach 5</b>
<br />
<iframe allowfullscreen frameborder="0" width="660" height="460" scrolling="no" id="molvideoplayer" Embed Player" src="http://www.dailymail.co.uk/embed/video/1144434.html"></iframe>
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<br /></div>

Radical hypersonic engine to take to the skies

Sabre engine. The Oxfordshire-based firm has been developing a turbine that combines both jet and rocket technologies to achieve rates five times the speed of sound, to fly anywhere in the…

The hidden horrors of Nagasaki: Confiscated photographs of the devastating effects of America's atomic bomb

<div class="image-wrap fff-pic" style="cursor: pointer;">
<img alt="The collection of poignant images taken by Yosuke Yamahata, a Japanese military photographer, show the flattened landscape, mass death and desperate plight of survivors immediately following the nuclear blast in Nagasaki, Japan" class="blkBorder img-share" height="378" id="i-3d1c3db50f864110" src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2016/09/23/09/38ADA22A00000578-3802248-The_collection_of_poignant_images_taken_by_Yosuke_Yamahata_a_Jap-a-1_1474618023087.jpg" width="962" /><div class="share-pictures-overlay" id="share-pictures-1">
  
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="imageCaption">
The collection of poignant images 
taken by Yosuke Yamahata, a Japanese military photographer, show the 
flattened landscape, mass death and desperate plight of survivors 
immediately following the nuclear blast in Nagasaki, Japan</div>
<div class="imageCaption">
<br /></div>
<h3 id="ext-gen185" style="text-align: left;">
<a href="http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3802248/The-hidden-horrors-Nagasaki-Confiscated-photographs-devastating-effects-America-s-atomic-bomb-taken-12-hours-blast-revealed-70-years-on.html" target="_blank">Taken 12 hours after the blast – are revealed 70 years on</a></h3>
<div class="imageCaption">
<br /></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span id="ext-gen182" style="font-size: 1.2em;">Haunting
 photographs taken the day after the Japanese city of Nagasaki was hit 
with an atomic bomb have emerged 70 years after being confiscated by 
American forces.</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">The
 collection of poignant images taken by Yosuke Yamahata, a Japanese 
military photographer, show the flattened landscape, mass death and 
desperate plight of survivors immediately following the nuclear blast.</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">Yamahata was tasked with documenting the destruction for propaganda purposes and arrived at the scene just 12 hours later.</span></div>
<div class="imageCaption">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="mol-img-group xwArtSplitter">
<div class="splitLeft">
<div class="mol-img">

<div class="image-wrap fff-pic" style="cursor: pointer;">
<img alt="A picture of the devastation caused by the atomic bomb" class="blkBorder img-share" height="667" id="i-6ddf082a808ac5a9" src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2016/09/23/09/38ADA78B00000578-3802248-A_picture_of_the_devastation_caused_by_the_atomic_bomb-a-3_1474618030768.jpg" width="470" /><div class="share-pictures-overlay" id="share-pictures-3">
  
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="imageCaption">
Haunting 
photographs taken the day after the Japanese city of Nagasaki </div>
<div class="imageCaption">
was hit 
with an atomic bomb have emerged 70 years after being </div>
<div class="imageCaption">
confiscated by 
American forces</div>
<div class="imageCaption">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="mol-img-group xwArtSplitter">
    <div class="mol-img">

<div class="image-wrap fff-pic" style="cursor: pointer;">
<img alt="Photographer Yosuke Yamahata, pictured in Shanghai in 1943 here, took the iconic snaps" class="blkBorder img-share" height="859" id="i-7b57aee561ffa373" src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2016/09/23/09/38ADBFB500000578-3802248-Photographer_Yosuke_Yamahata_pictured_in_Shanghai_in_1943_here_t-a-4_1474618035974.jpg" width="962" /><div class="share-pictures-overlay" id="share-pictures-4">
  
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="imageCaption">
Photographer Yosuke Yamahata, pictured in Shanghai in 1943 here, took the iconic snaps</div>
<div class="imageCaption">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="mol-img-group xwArtSplitter">
<div class="mol-img">

<div class="image-wrap fff-pic" style="cursor: pointer;">
<img alt="Supreme Commander Dwight Eisenhower (left), who later became president, shaking hands with General MacArthur, who played a prominent role in the war against Japan. The photo, taken in 1946, shows a rare moment of tenderness between the two men, who are widely known to have disliked each other later on" class="blkBorder img-share" height="772" id="i-984476fcd01904d8" src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2016/09/23/09/38ADBAC400000578-3802248-Supreme_Commander_Dwight_Eisenhower_left_who_later_became_presid-a-5_1474618037619.jpg" width="962" /><div class="share-pictures-overlay" id="share-pictures-5">
  
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="imageCaption">
Supreme Commander
 Dwight Eisenhower (left), who later became president, shaking hands 
with General MacArthur, who played a prominent role in the war against 
Japan. The photo, taken in 1946, shows a rare moment of tenderness 
between the two men, who are widely known to have disliked each other 
later on</div>
<div class="imageCaption">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="mol-img-group xwArtSplitter">
    <div class="mol-img">

<div class="image-wrap fff-pic" style="cursor: pointer;">
<img alt="Supreme Commander Eisenhower carrying out inspection in the historic snaps, which have not seen the light of day for 70 years" class="blkBorder img-share" height="536" id="i-dd852427db74aec5" src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2016/09/23/09/38ADBAC400000578-3802248-Supreme_Commander_Eisenhower_carrying_out_inspection_in_the_hist-a-6_1474618039662.jpg" width="962" /><div class="share-pictures-overlay" id="share-pictures-6">
  
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</div>
<div class="imageCaption">
Supreme Commander Eisenhower carrying out inspection in the historic snaps, which have not seen the light of day for 70 years</div>
<div class="imageCaption">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="mol-img-group xwArtSplitter">
    <div class="mol-img">

<div class="image-wrap fff-pic" style="cursor: pointer;">
<img alt="Yamahata was tasked with documenting the destruction for propaganda purposes and arrived at the scene just 12 hours later " class="blkBorder img-share" height="581" id="i-3fc33dc414868035" src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2016/09/23/09/38ADAF4C00000578-3802248-Yamahata_was_tasked_with_documenting_the_destruction_for_propaga-a-7_1474618041719.jpg" width="962" /></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: medium none; color: black; overflow: hidden; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;">
<div class="imageCaption" id="ext-gen183">
Yamahata was tasked with documenting the destruction for propaganda purposes and arrived at the scene just 12 hours later </div>
<div class="imageCaption" id="ext-gen183">
<br /></div>
<div class="mol-img-group xwArtSplitter">
    <div class="mol-img">

<div class="image-wrap fff-pic" style="cursor: pointer;">
<img alt="His haunting photographs encapsulated the devastation left behind by the atomic bomb" class="blkBorder img-share" height="563" id="i-488f5724ca22e341" src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2016/09/23/09/38ADAF4C00000578-3802248-His_haunting_photographs_encapsulated_the_devastation_left_behin-a-8_1474618043416.jpg" width="962" /><div class="share-pictures-overlay" id="share-pictures-8">
  
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="imageCaption">
His haunting photographs encapsulated the devastation left behind by the atomic bomb</div>
<div class="imageCaption">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="mol-img-group xwArtSplitter">
    <div class="mol-img">

<div class="image-wrap fff-pic" style="cursor: pointer;">
<img alt="They were requisitioned following a direct order from General Douglas MacArthur to seize and destroy any such pictures to shield the true scale of the carnage from the public back at home" class="blkBorder img-share" height="530" id="i-91355dac01b2ed3c" src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2016/09/23/09/38ADAF4C00000578-3802248-They_were_requisitioned_following_a_direct_order_from_General_Do-a-9_1474618046071.jpg" width="962" /><div class="share-pictures-overlay" id="share-pictures-9">
  
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="imageCaption">
They were requisitioned following a 
direct order from General Douglas MacArthur to seize and destroy any 
such pictures to shield the true scale of the carnage from the public 
back at home</div>
<div class="imageCaption">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="mol-img-group xwArtSplitter">
    <div class="mol-img">

<div class="image-wrap fff-pic" style="cursor: pointer;">
<img alt="The full album contains 24 photographs developed from Yamahata's original negatives" class="blkBorder img-share" height="519" id="i-8ebb76adc0b04d4e" src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2016/09/23/09/38ADAF4C00000578-3802248-The_full_album_contains_24_photographs_developed_from_Yamahata_s-a-10_1474618048212.jpg" width="962" /><div class="share-pictures-overlay" id="share-pictures-10">
  
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="imageCaption">
The full album contains 24 photographs developed from Yamahata's original negatives</div>
<div class="imageCaption">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="mol-img-group xwArtSplitter">
    <div class="mol-img">

<div class="image-wrap fff-pic" style="cursor: pointer;">
<img alt="Some of his photographs, which became iconic after featuring in a 1952 edition of Life Magazine, are considered the most complete record of the attack's aftermath. However some were confiscated by an unidentified US military policeman in the months that followed, never to be seen again until now" class="blkBorder img-share" height="1309" id="i-6a5db94a5cf54d42" src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2016/09/23/09/38ADBD0A00000578-3802248-Some_of_his_photographs_which_became_iconic_after_featuring_in_a-a-11_1474618050702.jpg" width="962" /><div class="share-pictures-overlay" id="share-pictures-11">
  
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="imageCaption" id="ext-gen181">
Some of his 
photographs, which became iconic after featuring in a 1952 edition of 
Life Magazine, are considered the most complete record of the attack's 
aftermath. However some were confiscated by an unidentified US military 
policeman in the months that followed, never to be seen again until now</div>
</div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: medium none; color: black; overflow: hidden; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;">
<br /><div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span id="ext-gen184" style="font-size: 1.2em;">Some
 of his photographs, which became iconic after featuring in a 1952 
edition of Life Magazine, are considered the most complete record of the
 attack's aftermath.</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">However
 some were confiscated by an unidentified US military policeman in the 
months that followed, never to be seen again until now.</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">They
 were requisitioned following a direct order from General Douglas 
MacArthur to seize and destroy any such pictures to shield the true 
scale of the carnage from the public back at home.</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">But
 the military policeman kept hold of the images, which have since been 
acquired by a collector, and are now being sold in the US by RR Auction 
with an estimate of £38,000.</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">The full album contains 24 photographs developed from Yamahata's original negatives.</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">And
 of these 12 were never published because, unbeknownst to Yamahata at 
the time, they were taken using a defective shutter that created small 
black dots on the finished product and thus made them surplus to 
Yamahata's requirements.</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">The
 lot also contains more than 200 photographs captured by the military 
policeman, including candid snaps of General MacArthur and President 
Dwight Eisenhower greeting troops and a personal account from Yamahata 
about the horrors he witnessed.</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<br /></div>
<div class="mol-img-group xwArtSplitter">
<div class="splitLeft">
<div class="mol-img">

<div class="image-wrap fff-pic" style="cursor: pointer;">
<img alt="The unidentified US military policeman who confiscated the photos" class="blkBorder img-share" height="776" id="i-cafdaec758dfdd1d" src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2016/09/23/09/38ADC58900000578-3802248-The_unidentified_US_military_policeman_who_confiscated_the_photo-a-12_1474618060507.jpg" width="470" /><div class="share-pictures-overlay" id="share-pictures-12">
  
</div>
<div class="overlay-icon mobile-gallery">
<span>The 
unidentified US military policeman who confiscated the photos  </span></div>
<div class="overlay-icon mobile-gallery">
<span> </span></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="splitRight">
<div class="mol-img">

<div class="image-wrap fff-pic" style="cursor: pointer;">
<img alt="An eerie picture of two Nagasaki survivors" class="blkBorder img-share" height="776" id="i-5cc5ce30aec81687" src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2016/09/23/09/38ADBF3200000578-3802248-An_eerie_picture_of_two_Nagasaki_survivors-a-13_1474618063368.jpg" width="470" /><div class="share-pictures-overlay" id="share-pictures-13">
  
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="imageCaption">
An eerie picture of two Nagasaki survivors </div>
<div class="imageCaption">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">In
 this article, published by a Japanese magazine in 1962, he says: 'I 
tried climbing up onto a small hill to look - all around, the city 
burned with what looked like little elf-fires, and the sky was blue and 
full of stars.</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">'It was a strangely beautiful scene.</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">'On my way, I began to hear the voices of dying people calling out, 'Water, give me water, please'.</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">'I stumbled over things in my path, such as the belly of a horse that had been charred to death.</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">'At
 2am in the morning it was pitch dark so I couldn't see anything. But 
after sunrise I saw that the skin had been exposed was a reddish 
brownish colour.</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">'The victims faces were horribly inflamed. They brought to mind 'watermelon ghosts'. Even their eyes were burned.</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">'The
 blacks of the eyelids were red and swollen as though they had been 
turned inside out, and the edges of the eyes were yellow like the fat of
 a chicken.</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">'Blinded people groped their way forward with both hands extended in front of them.'</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">Many of Yamahata's photographs were used in Japanese publications just a few weeks after the bombing.</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">He died aged 48 in 1966 of cancer, which is believed to have been caused by extensive exposure to radiation.</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<br /></div>
<div class="mol-img-group xwArtSplitter">
<div class="splitLeft">
<div class="mol-img">
<br />
<b>Soviet footage of A-bomb aftermath emerges</b> 
<br />
<iframe allowfullscreen frameborder="0" width="698" height="573" scrolling="no" id="molvideoplayer" Embed Player" src="http://www.dailymail.co.uk/embed/video/1316898.html"></iframe>
<br />
<br />
    <div class="image-wrap fff-pic" style="cursor: pointer;">
<img alt="Many of Yamahata's photographs were used in Japanese publications just a few weeks after the bombing" class="blkBorder img-share" height="677" id="i-579d6443ba80652c" src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2016/09/23/09/38ADB16000000578-3802248-Many_of_Yamahata_s_photographs_were_used_in_Japanese_publication-a-14_1474618065872.jpg" width="470" /><div class="share-pictures-overlay" id="share-pictures-14">
  
</div>
<div class="overlay-icon mobile-gallery">
<span> </span></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="splitRight">
<div class="mol-img">

<div class="image-wrap fff-pic" style="cursor: pointer;">
<img alt="The wreckage of the blast in Nagasaki, Japan" class="blkBorder img-share" height="677" id="i-abe278bf4d7cbc2b" src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2016/09/23/09/38ADB16000000578-3802248-The_wreckage_of_the_blast_in_Nagasaki_Japan-a-15_1474618067191.jpg" width="470" /><div class="share-pictures-overlay" id="share-pictures-15">
  
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="imageCaption">
Many of Yamahata's photographs were used in Japanese publications </div>
<div class="imageCaption">
just a few weeks after the bombing</div>
<div class="imageCaption">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="mol-img-group xwArtSplitter">
<div class="mol-img">

<div class="image-wrap fff-pic" style="cursor: pointer;">
<img alt="The US's nuclear strike against Nagasaki on August 9, 1945, came three days after a similar bomb was dropped on Hiroshima" class="blkBorder img-share" height="709" id="i-b4caf2e88b708586" src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2016/09/23/09/38ADAB4800000578-3802248-The_US_s_nuclear_strike_against_Nagasaki_on_August_9_1945_came_t-a-16_1474618070131.jpg" width="962" /><div class="share-pictures-overlay" id="share-pictures-16">
  
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="imageCaption">
He died aged 48 in 1966 of cancer, which is believed to have been caused by extensive exposure to radiation</div>
<div class="imageCaption">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="mol-img-group xwArtSplitter">
    <div class="mol-img">

<div class="image-wrap fff-pic" style="cursor: pointer;">
<img alt="In an article published by a Japanese magazine in 1962, the photographer said: 'I tried climbing up onto a small hill to look - all around, the city burned with what looked like little elf-fires, and the sky was blue and full of stars.'" class="blkBorder img-share" height="683" id="i-8b14e3e3ae177571" src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2016/09/23/09/38ADAB4800000578-3802248-In_an_article_published_by_a_Japanese_magazine_in_1962_the_photo-a-17_1474618072669.jpg" width="962" /><div class="share-pictures-overlay" id="share-pictures-17">
  
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="imageCaption">
In an article published by a Japanese 
magazine in 1962, the photographer said: 'I tried climbing up onto a 
small hill to look - all around, the city burned with what looked like 
little elf-fires, and the sky was blue and full of stars.'</div>
<div class="imageCaption">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="mol-img-group xwArtSplitter">
<div class="splitLeft">
<div class="mol-img">

<div class="image-wrap fff-pic" style="cursor: pointer;">
<img alt="Soldiers on the march" class="blkBorder img-share" height="616" id="i-457ef59c636f3268" src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2016/09/23/09/38ADB8E200000578-3802248-Soldiers_on_the_march-a-18_1474618075115.jpg" width="470" /><div class="share-pictures-overlay" id="share-pictures-19">
  
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="imageCaption">
Many of Yamahata's photographs were used in Japanese publications just </div>
<div class="imageCaption">
a few weeks after the bombing</div>
<div class="imageCaption">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="mol-img-group xwArtSplitter">
<div class="splitLeft">
<div class="mol-img">

<div class="image-wrap fff-pic" style="cursor: pointer;">
<img alt="These attacks resulted in the deaths of around 120,000 people" class="blkBorder img-share" height="731" id="i-8264cd9d2727c1a0" src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2016/09/23/09/38ADB8E200000578-3802248-These_attacks_resulted_in_the_deaths_of_around_120_000_people-a-20_1474618079496.jpg" width="470" /><div class="share-pictures-overlay" id="share-pictures-21">
  
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="imageCaption">
The US's nuclear strike against Nagasaki on August 9, 1945, came three </div>
<div class="imageCaption">
days after a similar bomb was dropped on Hiroshima. <i>dailymail</i></div>
<div class="imageCaption">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">Robert
 Livingston, RR Auction's executive vice president, said: 'When you hold
 this album in your hands you get a feel for how powerful these images 
are.</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">'These are the originals, not retouched, not fixed and have rarely been seen in public before.</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">'They
 show us just how much of a devastating weapon this was, and what the 
atomic bomb bomb did to the human body is pretty gruesome and disturbing
 to see.'</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">The US's nuclear strike against Nagasaki on August 9, 1945, came three days after a similar bomb was dropped on Hiroshima.</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">These attacks resulted in the deaths of around 120,000 people.</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">Japan surrendered six days later.</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">The lot is being sold on September 25. </span><i>dailymail</i></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: medium none; color: black; overflow: hidden; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;">
<br /></div>
</div>
<br /></div>
<br />
<b>US atomic bomb strike against Japan on August, 1945</b>
<br />
<iframe allowfullscreen frameborder="0" width="698" height="573" scrolling="no" id="molvideoplayer" title="MailOnline Embed Player" src="http://www.dailymail.co.uk/embed/video/1203253.html"></iframe>
<br />
<br />
<br /></div>

The hidden horrors of Nagasaki: Confiscated photographs of the devastating effects of America's atomic bomb

The collection of poignant images taken by Yosuke Yamahata, a Japanese military photographer, show the flattened landscape, mass death and desperate plight of survivors immediately fo…

Test of cannon for T-50 PAK-FA

<br />
<br />
<h3 class="post-title entry-title" itemprop="name">
T-50 PAK FA testing its new 9-A1-4071K cannon</h3>
<h3 class="post-title entry-title" itemprop="name">
</h3>
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<br />
<br /></div>

Test of cannon for T-50 PAK-FA

T-50 PAK FA testing its new 9-A1-4071K cannon …

Meet the B-21 Raider

<br />
<br />
<i>Air Force Secretary Deborah Lee James announced the B-21 bomber will be 
called the B-21 Raider. The name represents the historically important 
role the new long-range stealth bomber will lead for the next 50 years.
</i><br />
<br />
<br />
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span id="ext-gen67" style="font-size: 1.2em;">The
 Air Force’s long-range strike bomber that will replace the antique 
B-52's developed during the cold war has  officially been named the B-21
 Raider. </span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">The all-black plane has a distinctive, zigzagging shape and a low profile designed to make it hard to spot on radar.</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">It  is 'projected to enter service in the mid-2020s, building to a fleet of 100 aircraft.' </span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<br /></div>
<div class="artSplitter">
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The US Air Force 
on Friday unveiled the first image of its next-generation bomber that 
will replace antique B-52s first developed during the Cold War. The 
all-black plane has a distinctive, zigzagging shape and a low profile 
designed to make it hard to spot on radar </div>
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<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">The
 name was ultimately selected by James and Air Force Chief of Staff Gen.
 Dave Goldfein after a panel composed of staff from AFGSC and 
Headquarters Air Force determined the top-ranked selections from more 
than 2,100 unique naming submissions. </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">'The
 B-21 is intended to operate in both conventional and nuclear roles, 
with the capability of penetrating and surviving in advanced air defense
 environments,' The Air Force said.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">'It will be capable of operation by an onboard crew or piloted remotely.' </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">Earlier
 this year the US Air Force unveiled the first image of its new stealth 
bomber when Air Force Secretary Deborah Lee James provided the world 
with the first glimpse of the project using an artist's rendering.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">The rendering bears more than a passing resemblance to the Air Force's B-2 bomber, which is also made by Northrop Grumman. </span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">However the new document reveals it may not be that accurate.</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">'The released rendering shows a flying-wing design not dissimilar to the B-2, although simpler in shape. </span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">'It resembles early proposed designs that later evolved into the B-2.'</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">The
 report also outlines the craft,s unmanned capabilities, saying 'Initial
 B-21s will be manned, with unmanned operation possible several years 
after initial operational capability (IOC).'</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">Nuclear qualification will also take two years or so after IOC, the report says.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">It is designed to be launch from the continental US and deliver airstrikes on any location in the world. </span></div>
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<span id="ext-gen70" style="font-size: 1.2em;">At
 an earlier event in Orlando, James revealed the plane - previously 
known as the Long Range Strike Bomber - would be called the B-21 until a
 new name has been agreed on, and she invited air crews to help.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">The designation B-21 recognises the aircraft as the military’s first bomber of the 21st century.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">'This
 aircraft represents the future for our Airmen, and (their) voice is 
important to this process,' James told the Air Force Association's Air 
Warfare Symposium.</span></div>
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<img alt="The new bomber is a high Air Force priority because the oldest ones in its fleet — the venerable B-52s — have far outlived their expected service life. Even the newest — the B-2 stealth bombers (pictured) — having been flying for more than two decades" class="blkBorder img-share" height="425" id="i-afd6a973b8dcbfee" src="http://i.mol.im/i/pix/2015/10/27/23/00465D3C00000258-3292335-image-a-36_1445987556422.jpg" width="634" /><br />
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The new bomber is
 a high Air Force priority because the oldest ones in its fleet — the 
venerable B-52s — have far outlived their expected service life. Even 
the newest — the B-2 stealth bombers (pictured) — having been flying for
 more than two decades</div>
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<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">The program has been shrouded in secrecy since its inception for fear of revealing military secrets to potential enemies.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">The military also wanted to avoid giving the losing bidders any details before their formal protest was rejected last week.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">The
 Air Force wants 100 of the warplanes, which will replace the ageing 
B-52s and the B-1 bombers that first saw action in the 1980s.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">Industry
 news reports say that while the new plane's specific capabilities are 
highly secret, it likely will be equipped with high-tech communications 
gear and other electronics that would allow it to perform a variety of 
missions, not just dropping bombs. </span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">The
 new bomber is a high Air Force priority because the oldest ones in its 
fleet — the venerable B-52s — have far outlived their expected service 
life.</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">Even the newest — the B-2 stealth bombers — having been flying for more than two decades. </span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">A third bomber, the B-1, is used heavily for conventional strikes, but no longer is certified for nuclear missions.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">The
 Pentagon in October announced Northrop as the winner of the contract to
 build the bomber in a decades-long program that will likely end up 
costing in excess of $100 billion. </span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">But
 work on the new plane was delayed for months while federal auditors 
reviewed a protest by Boeing and its key supplier, Lockheed Martin.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">Boeing
 has now told senior U.S. Air Force leaders that it will not take 
further legal action challenging the contract, Reuters said, citing two 
sources familiar with the decision.</span></div>
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The B-21 bomber will replace Air Force 
B-52 bombers, which have been flying for more than half a century. 
Pictured is the B-52 Stratofortress entered service in the 1950s. <i>dailymail</i></div>
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<img alt="A pilot and co-pilot of a B-52 bomber in an image taken in 1972. These bombers are not out of date at the Air Force is looking to replace them with 100 B-21 bombers" class="blkBorder img-share" height="417" id="i-c9a8ee4cd64d8c31" src="http://i.mol.im/i/pix/2016/02/26/17/31970CB000000578-3465888-image-a-6_1456508370588.jpg" width="634" /><br />
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A pilot and co-pilot of a B-52 bomber 
in an image taken in 1972. These bombers are not out of date at the Air 
Force is looking to replace them with 100 B-21 bombers</div>
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<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">The
 Air Force, under pressure from lawmakers and retired Air Force 
officers, has promised to release more information about the new plane 
in March.</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">And the program has now survived the legal protest process, it still faces hurdles in Congress.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">Senate
 Armed Services Committee Chairman John McCain on Thursday said he would
 block the Air Force's use of a cost-plus type of contract for the 
long-range bomber since it holds the government responsible for cost 
overruns.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">The
 Air Force says that only the engineering and development phase of the 
program, valued at $21.4 billion, is structured as a cost-plus contract 
with incentive fees.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">Analysts
 say the program will be worth around $80 billion in total, providing a 
boon to Northrop and its key suppliers, but the Air Force has said only 
that it expects to pay $511 million per plane.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">John
 Michael Loh, a retired four-star U.S. Air Force general, has urged the 
Air Force to name Northrop's suppliers to shore up support in Congress, 
and avoid a re-run of the B-2 bomber program, which was scaled back from
 132 planes to just 21, which drove the price of each plane sharply 
higher. </span></div>
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<h3 class="wocc">
                                <span style="background-color: #ffe599;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">THE HISTORY OF THE B-2 BOMBER </span></span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">The
 first operational aircraft, christened Spirit of Missouri, was 
delivered to Whiteman Air Force Base, Missouri, where the fleet is 
based, on 17 December 1993.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">Twenty one aircraft were built in the original B-2 fleet. </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">The
 B-2 has demonstrated its capabilities in several combat scenarios, 
including Operation Allied Force in Kosovo; Operation Enduring Freedom 
in Afghanistan, Operation Iraqi Freedom, and most recently, in Libya, 
during Operation Odyssey Dawn.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">The
 B-2 is the only U.S. aircraft that combines long range, large payload 
and stealth in a single platform, giving it the ability to project air 
power anywhere in the world. </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">It can fly 6,000 nautical miles unrefueled and 10,000 nautical miles with just one aerial refueling.</span></div>
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<img alt="The Air Force said it will buy 100 of the new bombers at a newly calculated average cost of $511 million each. Pictured is the a B-2A bomber from the 509th Bomb Wing at Whiteman Air Force Base in Missouri" class="blkBorder img-share" height="404" id="i-4464525984f423ab" src="http://i.mol.im/i/pix/2015/10/27/23/04B9D18F0000044D-3292335-The_Air_Force_said_it_will_buy_100_of_the_new_bombers_at_a_newly-a-48_1445987971697.jpg" width="624" /><br />
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The Air Force said it will buy 100 of 
the new bombers at a newly calculated average cost of $511 million each.
 Pictured is the a B-2A bomber from the 509th Bomb Wing at Whiteman Air 
Force Base in Missouri<b>. </b><i>dailymail</i><b><br /></b></div>
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<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">With
 its ability to carry more than 20 tons of conventional and nuclear 
ordnance and deliver it precisely under any weather conditions, the B-2 
also has the ability to change the outcome of a conflict with a single 
mission. </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">Today,
 the fleet consists of 20 aircraft, following the loss, in February 
2008, of the Spirit of Kansas, which crashed while taking off from 
Andersen Air Force Base, Guam, the only such incident in the B-2's more 
than 20 years of operation. </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">Nineteen
 B-2s are currently based at Whiteman Air Force Base, Mo., home of the 
509th Bomb Wing, while one aircraft is assigned to flight testing at 
Edwards AFB, California to validate software and weapon systems 
upgrades.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">The
 idea is that the latest B-21 bomber, which is still on the drawing 
board will replace Air Force B-52 bombers, which have been flying for 
more than half a century.</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">It will also eventually the B-1 bombers, when they retire sometime in the 2040s.</span></div>
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<br />
<b>Read more:</b>
  <br />
<ul>
<li id="ext-gen69"><a class="js-tl" href="https://news.usni.org/2016/04/19/document-report-to-congress-on-air-force-b-21-long-range-strike-bomber" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Report on Air Force B-21 Long Range Strike Bomber</a></li>
</ul>
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<h3 style="text-align: left;">
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