Errymath: quantum radar

Quantum Radar Could Completely Change Warfare

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A new high definition radar system that could 
change the nature of warfare has been demonstrated for the first time. 
The result, quantum radar, is a high definition detection system that 
provides a much more detailed image of targets while itself remaining 
difficult to detect. Quantum radars could provide users with enough 
detail to identify aircraft, missiles, and other aerial targets by 
specific model. </div>
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According to the <em>MIT Technology Review</em>, researchers at Austria’s Institute of Science and Technology used entangled microwaves to <a class="body-link" data-vars-ga-outbound-link="https://www.technologyreview.com/s/614160/quantum-radar-has-been-demonstrated-for-the-first-time/" href="https://www.technologyreview.com/s/614160/quantum-radar-has-been-demonstrated-for-the-first-time/"><u>create the world’s first quantum radar system</u></a>. </div>
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Under a principle known as quantum entanglement, 
two particles can be linked together regardless of distance, forming 
what scientists call a quantum entangled pair. When something happens to
 one particle it can be noticed in the other particle. This in turn 
leads to a process called quantum illumination, where information about 
one particle’s environment can be inferred by studying the other 
particle.</div>
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Quantum radars involve pairing photon 
particles together, shooting one downrange while keeping the second 
captive for observation. The downrange particle will act in a certain 
manner as it bounces off certain objects, behavior that can be observed 
in the captive particle. The result is much more detailed information 
about the target than seen in previous radars.  </div>
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Today’s
 radars can detect targets very well, but provide little detail. Radars 
can detect an object and note it's altitude, bearing, and distance, but 
otherwise the target is a big, featureless blob. Air defenders must rely
 on other things, such identifying radar and other electromagnetic 
signals emanating from the target, to discern whether the blob is an 
enemy fighter, bomber, or even a commercial civilian aircraft. </div>
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Quantum
 radars, on the other hand, could provide enough detail for radar 
systems to identify the object based on physical characteristics. A 
Su-35 Flanker-E fighter, for example, could be identified by the sweep 
of its wings, the shape of its nose, and the number of engines. </div>
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Another benefit of quantum radars: they emit very 
little energy and are thus difficult to detect. All contemporary radars 
emit electromagnetic radiation to detect objects. This radiation makes 
the radar itself detectable. It’s a lot like having lots of people 
holding flashlights in a dark room: turning on your flashlight allows 
you to find other people but the flashlight beam leads straight back to 
you, giving away your presence and location. </div>
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A 
lack of detectability offers a distinct tactical advantage in warfare. A
 friendly quantum radar could detect a flight of enemy aircraft without 
revealing its own presence. This could cause the enemy warplanes to put 
off defensively jamming local radars and radio signals—which itself is 
noticeable to the defenders. Their guard down, they could then be 
ambushed by friendly air defense missiles and fighters waiting for them.
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Quantum radars has been billed as a means for detecting stealth aircraft, with <a class="body-link" data-vars-ga-outbound-link="https://phys.org/news/2018-04-quantum-radar-expose-stealth-aircraft.html" href="https://phys.org/news/2018-04-quantum-radar-expose-stealth-aircraft.html"><u>claims</u></a> that it renders efforts to make aircraft invisible to radar useless. According to three experts polled by<a class="body-link" data-vars-ga-outbound-link="https://eandt.theiet.org/content/articles/2019/04/could-quantum-radars-expose-stealth-planes/" href="https://eandt.theiet.org/content/articles/2019/04/could-quantum-radars-expose-stealth-planes/"> <em><u>Engineering and Technology</u></em></a>, anti-stealth claims are a “gross oversimplication” and the main advantage of quantum radar is the high definition aspect. </div>
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Source: <em><a class="body-link" data-vars-ga-outbound-link="https://www.technologyreview.com/s/614160/quantum-radar-has-been-demonstrated-for-the-first-time/" href="https://www.technologyreview.com/s/614160/quantum-radar-has-been-demonstrated-for-the-first-time/" target="_blank">MIT Technology Review</a></em></div>
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												<a class="editorial-link-item" data-vars-ga-call-to-action="China Says It Made a 'Quantum Radar'" data-vars-ga-outbound-link="https://www.popularmechanics.com/military/research/a22996/china-quantum-stealth-radar/" data-vars-ga-position="1" data-vars-ga-total-positions="1" data-vars-ga-ux-element="Editorial Links" href="https://www.popularmechanics.com/military/research/a22996/china-quantum-stealth-radar/">
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China Says It Made a 'Quantum Radar'</div>
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Quantum Radar Could Completely Change Warfare

A new high definition radar system that could change the nature of warfare has been demonstrated for the first time. The result, quan...

Quantum radars, a new technical approach for accurate detection of stealthy targets

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    Quantum radar technology experiment<br />
<b><br /></b>
<b>How many quantum radars are there?</b> <br />
Dianke fourteen 
recently on the official <b>WeChat </b>revealed that <i>the quantum radar 
principle prototype has been developed which can detect hundreds of 
kilometers</i>, successfully passed the acceptance of a same type of radar 
prototype, first breakthrough hundred kilometers power, Chinese 
completed the remote test quantum radar prototype come to the forefront 
of the world.<br />
<br />
<b>Where's the quantum radar technology?</b><br />
<br />
Quantum 
radar technology can be used to detect and identify the traditional 
radio frequency stealth platforms and weapon systems. It provides <i>a new 
technical approach for accurate detection of stealthy targets.</i> Faced 
with the new information war, quantum radar may become a revolutionary 
technology, as the emergence of radio frequency stealth technology at 
the end of the last century, quantum radar will develop into "RF stealth
 technology" nemesis.<br />
<br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1hqQ6UCGIbmc5OfC7NTUNTFnPCro9udZKR3EpBg0cl1e600EHdopwLDBXIGD-leeV0bKd4LoVaCUCN-PMwnh20KrMz1FhEoUjhxyb9R6F4ATPdmkSHsaEC5dkeiHMZ_-C6Pl66undMlY/s1600/stealth+target+image+detected+by+China%2527s+quantum+radar.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="427" data-original-width="640" height="426" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1hqQ6UCGIbmc5OfC7NTUNTFnPCro9udZKR3EpBg0cl1e600EHdopwLDBXIGD-leeV0bKd4LoVaCUCN-PMwnh20KrMz1FhEoUjhxyb9R6F4ATPdmkSHsaEC5dkeiHMZ_-C6Pl66undMlY/s640/stealth+target+image+detected+by+China%2527s+quantum+radar.jpeg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Stealth target image detected by quantum radar<br />
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</tbody></table>
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<br />In
 fact, even the world's most advanced stealth aircraft can not disappear
 without a trace in front of the radar, and once locked, it will be 
difficult to escape anti-aircraft missile strikes. In addition, <i>the 
quantum beam used by quantum radar is independent of the transmission 
medium, so it can detect the target of deep-sea submarine freely.</i><br />
<br />
The
 advent of quantum radar has become the terminator of stealth 
aircraft Chinese announced that it has mastered the quantum radar 
manufacturing technology, let us more is heavy-hearted, once Chinese 
quantum radar is put into use, the U.S. F-22, F-35, B-21 <i>stealth 
aircraft and stealth submarines will have no place to hide</i>. Its destiny 
can be imagined... .<br />
<br />
<img src="http://www.bestchinanews.com/1ydzximg/0Gf2vno8S7" /><br />
F-22 stealth fighters<br />
<br />
According
 to the American air force lieutenant general Arnold bunche, in order to
 ensure the air leading position, being developed by B-21 may be the 
only option to change the current situation. Considering the increasing 
number of advanced air defense systems in some countries, plans to set 
up more than 165 B-21 aircraft fleets in order to meet the future combat
 needs.<br />
<br />
According to The Pentagon data, the B-21 bomber will be priced 
at $550 million. That is to say, if the requirements for the formation 
of 165 scale clusters are met, about 90000000000 dollars will be 
invested. If China's quantum radar technology once applied, or may allow
 the U.S. air force to invest about 90000000000 US dollars to build 
B-21 fleet useless.<br />
<br />
<img src="http://www.bestchinanews.com/1ydzximg/0Gf2vn7VBg" /><br />
<br /></div>

Quantum radars, a new technical approach for accurate detection of stealthy targets

Quantum radar technology experiment How many quantum radars are there? Dianke fourteen recently on the official WeChat revealed...

Anti-stealth radars on display at the Zhuhai Airshow 2016

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<br />
<span style="font-size: small;">From left to right: <b>YLC-2A, JY-26 and JH-18</b>. </span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;">Note that CETC 
labelled the centre radar JY-26, even though it is completely different 
to the design shown in 2014.</span><br />
<br />
Although exhibited in public, data on the performance characteristics to
 back up the cutting-edge claims is less forthcoming. Anti-stealth 
radars typically operate at frequencies below 1GHz, because 
low-observable aircraft are designed
 to minimise their cross section to radars operating within radio 
spectrum covered by the IEEE S, C, and X bands (broadly 2-12 GHz).<br />
<br />
At lower frequencies, radar reflections increase as the wavelength 
becomes closer to the physical size of parts of the aircraft and also 
resonances may be induced in parts of the airframe by the radar pulse, 
increasing the aircraft's susceptibility to detection and tracking. <br />
<br />

The<b> JY-26 Skywatcher-U</b>, an active electronically scanned array (AESA)
 radar operating in the VHF/UHF frequencies, debuted at the Zhuhai Air 
Show in 2014. Developed by the 14th Institute (Nanjing Research 
Institute of Electronics Technology, or NRIET), the trailer-mounted 
radar allegedly has a 500km detection range and can track 500 targets 
simultaneously.<br />

Whilst in development in Shandong, operators claimed that it detected
 USAF F-22 fighters flying over South Korea. CETC states, ‘The radar is 
designed to meet air defence needs for decades to come,’ and that it is 
robust against jamming and electronic counter-countermeasures.<br />

Oddly, in Zhuhai this year CETC showed a completely different JY-26 
radar design without the distinctive ‘bubble wrap’ transmit receive 
modules seen in the 2014 example. It is unclear whether this change 
relates to mislabelling, disinformation or redesign, but the 
manufacturer stated the JY-26 was ‘developed to be a mainstay radar in a
 national air defence system for long-range surveillance and tactical 
missile defence’.<br />
<br />
The <b>YLC-2A</b> is a solid-state, L-band, 3-D long-range surveillance 
radar mounted on an 8x8 truck. CETC stated, ‘It can be used as a 
national-level backbone intelligence radar providing comprehensive 
information…’ It can also serve as a target indication radar for air 
defence weapons.<br />
<br />

The truck-mounted <b>JH-18</b> is a multifunction 3-D low-altitude 
surveillance radar dedicated to detecting air and sea surface targets. 
It is a phased-array system that fills gaps left by more powerful 
surveillance radars.<br />
<br />
<img alt="[IMG]" class="bbCodeImage LbImage" data-url="http://www.janes.com/images/assets/452/65452/1692618_-_main.jpg" src="http://www.janes.com/images/assets/452/65452/1692618_-_main.jpg" /><br />
From left to right are the <b>JY-27A, YLC-8B, and SLC-7</b>. Source: Via dy.163.com<br />
<br /><br />
 <b>JY-27A</b> 3-D long-range surveillance/guidance radar. Operating in the 
VHF band, it adopts 2-D electronic scanning in azimuth and elevation. It
 is active phased array system, and it is stated to be 
resistant to jamming and with ‘high measurement accuracy’. The 
trailer-mounted radar is in service and has been spotted in Shigatse, 
Tibet, for example.
<br />
There are unverified claims that the radar can pick up hostile 
stealth fighters at ranges of up to 500km. If these reports are 
accurate, such Chinese radars could swiftly nullify the advantages of 
stealth aircraft. The JY-27A is also designed to address the ballistic 
missile threat. <br />
<br />
The Nanjing Research Institute of Electronic Technology (NRIET) is at 
the forefront of CETC's programme and produced two of the units on 
display at the Zhuhai air show, the YLC-8B and SLC-7.<br />
<br />
While the <b>YLC-8B</b>, a 3-D surveillance radar that operates in the IEEE UHF band (300 Mhz-1 GHz), had already been exhibited at Zhuhai in 2014, the SLC-7 made its debut at the show this year.<br />The long-range, early-warning 
YLC-8B is a UHF-band 3-D radar that appeared in Zhuhai two years ago. It
 utilises full coherent digital-pulse compression and moving target 
detection technology.<br />
<br />
The <b>SLC-7</b> operates in the IEEE L-band (1-2 GHz). According to NRIET, it with digital scanning 
in azimuth and elevation, as well as mechanical scanning in azimuth.<br />
This was the first time this radar had been shown to the public.<br />
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It was ‘mainly for medium- and high-altitude, medium- 
and long-range target surveillance and indication tasks’. It is said to 
be able to detect stealth aircraft, cruise missiles and air-to-ground 
munitions out to a range of 300-400km.</div>
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 A CETC official was <a href="http://www.scmp.com/news/china/diplomacy-defence/article/2041912/zhuhai-air-show-opens-j-20-stealth-fighter-likely-steal" target="_blank">quoted by the <em>South China Morning Post</em></a>,
 ‘The SLC-7 is the export model. We are going to target potential 
clients such as Pakistan, Egypt, Iran and some Middle East countries 
that see the USAF as their enemy. Of course, the same model used by the 
PLAAF is much more advanced than the SLC-7.’<br />
</div>
<br />

The <b>JY-50</b> is a 2-D passive radar for air surveillance and early warning in critical areas.<br />
<br />

Yet another radar system was the <b>JY-50</b>, this being a 2-D passive 
system. It was ‘mainly for air surveillance and early 
warning in silence of vital and critical areas’. This truck-mounted 
digital radar is claimed to have an ‘excellent stealth target detection 
capability’.<br />

China Electronics Corporation (CEC) is another radar manufacturer. 
The REL-4 is a long-range 3-D radar that operates in the L-band. This 
mechanically scanned system is used for target guidance and air 
surveillance. CEC said, ‘It can integrate and manage information from 
several radars to complete data fusion and to form an area network.’<br />
<br />
CETC reported in September that the country’s first single-photon 
quantum radar system could detect stealthy aircraft at a 100km range 
using quantum entanglement.<br />
Such quantum-based radars mounted on vehicles or aircraft could 
detect stealthy aircraft at long ranges . <br />
DARPA and Lockheed Martin are investing in 
similar radar technologies.<br />

CETC is working with scientists at the University of Science and 
Technology of China in Hefei, Anhui province, which has achieved many 
breakthroughs in quantum physics, including developing the world’s first
 quantum satellite.<br />
<br />

With regional countries such as India, Japan and South Korea joining 
the US in inducting stealth fighters in coming years, China’s radar 
capabilities, whether hyped up or not, will give them pause for 
thought.<br />

The exhibition of these radars at the Zhuhai Air Show also shows what
 technology is also available to export clients. <br />
<br /></div>

Anti-stealth radars on display at the Zhuhai Airshow 2016

From left to right: YLC-2A, JY-26 and JH-18 . Note that CETC labelled the centre radar JY-26, even though it is completely different ...

Errymath

Quantum Radar Could Completely Change Warfare

Quantum radars, a new technical approach for accurate detection of stealthy targets

Anti-stealth radars on display at the Zhuhai Airshow 2016

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