Malaysia's first submarine, "KD Tunku Abdul Rahman", a Scorpene-class diesel-electric submarine. © Bazuki Muhammad / Reuters
The Indian Navy’s new $3 billion fleet of submarines – said to
be the quietest in their class – may have been compromised after 22,400
pages of top-secret files detailing the vessels’ stealth capabilities
were reportedly leaked from a French shipbuilder.
The leak describes in
detail vital features of six Scorpene-class submarines that the French
state-owned shipbuilding company DCNS designed for the Indian Navy,
according to
the Australian – which published number of redacted documents on its website.
It
could become an intelligence gold mine for India’s rivals such as
Pakistan or China, given the potential use of the data to detect,
identify and destroy the French-built submarines in wartime.
A DCNS spokesperson said the company is unsure if the information is correct, adding:
“the competition is more and more hard and all means can be used in this context.”
The
leaked DCNS files detail frequencies on which the Indian Scorpene
submarines gather intelligence, the levels of noise they make at various
speeds, as well as their diving depth, range and endurance.
Furthermore, the documents describe where on the boat the crew can speak
safely to avoid detection by the enemy.
The news of the Edward Snowden-sized leak also discloses
the specifications of the Scorpene’s torpedo launch system and weapons
control electronics, which would allow an adversary to uncover the
strengths and weaknesses of the Indian Navy’s submarine forces.
The
data seen by the
Australian lists 4,457 pages on the submarines’
underwater sensors, 4,209 pages on their above-water sensors, 4,301
pages on their combat control system, 493 pages on their torpedo launch
system, 6,841 pages on the subs’ communications, and 2,138 on their
navigation systems.
The
$3-billion project – which the Indian government hopes will
significantly improve India’s naval power in the region – is already
four years behind schedule. The DCNS-designed Scorpene was chosen ahead
of its German and Japanese rivals because of its superior stealth
capabilities.
Twelve submarines of the same type are currently
being built by the French for the Australian Navy, a major US ally in
the region. Australian Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull said the leak was
“worrying” and could have a potential impact for the country’s security.
DCNS Australia this month signed a deed of agreement with the Defence
Department, paving the way for talks over the contract which will guide
the design phase of the new submarines. The government plans to build
12 submarines in Adelaide to replace the six-boat Collins-class fleet
from the early 2030s. The Shortfin Barracuda will be a slightly shorter,
conventionally powered version of France’s new fleet of Barracuda-class
nuclear submarines.
On
Tuesday, DCNS implied the leak might have originated in India, where
the six Scorpenes are being assembled, insisting that the company does
not control the handling of technical data used by a local builder.
However, according to the Australian’s sources, the leaked
files had been written in France in 2011, removed from the country by a
former French Navy officer and DCNS subcontractor, and later passed to a
Southeast Asian company.
The data was then reportedly sent on a
data disk by regular mail to a company in Australia. It is unclear how
widely it was shared or whether it was obtained by foreign intelligence
agencies.
Other files in the leak seen by the newspaper include
separate top-secret DCNS documents on plans to sell French frigates to
the Chilean Navy, as well as the canceled deal to deliver Mistral-class
amphibious assault ships to Russia. Those documents have no link to
India, which adds to the possibility that the data was leaked from
France.
"I understand there has been a case of hacking," Indian Defense Minister Manohar Parrikar told reporters on Wednesday, commenting on the scandal.
"We will find out what has happened."
Later on Wednesday, DCNS said it will determine whether the leak has affected other company clients.
"We're going to determine ... if harm was caused to our clients and establish action plans," a company spokesman said, as cited by Reuters.
An anonymous source close to the matter has also claimed the leak
“seems to be sensitive information but appears neither critical nor confidential."
Except India, Scorpene-class submarines are operated by the Malaysian, Spanish and Chilean Navies.