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| Media claims Beijing has developed radars that can detect stealth aircraft |
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| DWL002
Passive Detection System |
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DWL002 CONOPS diagram. (Air Power Australia)
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| YLC-20 or Kolchuga M with its S-300PMU/PMU1/PMU2
SAM batteries |
Chinese sources claim that the DWL002 passive radar system will render the F-22 and F-35 “obsolete.”
According to
recent reports
in the Chinese media, China is betting that its new DWL002 passive
detection radar system will grant its armed forces a massive boost in
countering the United States’ advanced stealth fighters. According to a report in
Defense News,
Chinese sources claim that the radar will render systems like the
advanced F-22 fighter and the upcoming F-35 “obsolete” — a strong claim
to be sure.
The DWL002 came to light in recent years and has been pitched by Chinese
sources repeatedly as a credible counter to conventional stealth
military aviation. The DWL002 is an emitter locating system (ELS) which
partially iterates on innovations found in older Russian designs,
including the KRTP Tamara series and ERA Vera-E. The DWL002 is a more
advanced ELS compared to China’s YLC-20 system (which is itself based on
the KRTP-91 Tamara). The United States and other Western European
countries have abandoned the use and development of passive-detection
radar systems, citing poor accuracy. China and Russia continue to use
the systems. The DWL002 itself will have a likely range of around
400-500 kilometers and is comprised of three stations that operate in
tandem, placed kilometers apart. According to
Defense News, the
DWL002′s range would allow it “cover all of Taiwan and the disputed
Senkaku Islands in the East China Sea, but [it] is not within range of
U.S. military bases on Okinawa. Nor can it reach the Philippines.”
The DWL002, if it lives up to its touted capabilities, would severely
hamper stealth fighter-based attempts at establishing aerial control
over Chinese territory provided Chinese air defense systems are
operational. Anti-stealth radar technology would play an important role
in allowing the Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) to effectively
counter parts of the United States AirSea Battle operational concept,
for example.
Part of the effectiveness of AirSea Battle
relies on the U.S. Air Force and Navy deploying long-range
stealth-based air platforms. With the DWL002 ESL, Chinese air defense
systems would be significantly more effective at detecting hostile
stealth aircraft. Another feature of the DWL002 that has drawn some
attention from the Chinese media — notably the
Global Times,
according to WantChinaTimes –
is its ability to track aircraft without notifying pilots that they
have been detected by radar. Furthermore, according toVassily Kashin,
senior research fellow at the Center for Analysis of Strategies and
Technologies, a Moscow-based think tank, the DWL002′s capabilities are
not being exaggerated and pose a serious threat to stealth platforms.
Other sources are less convinced of the DWL002′s actual capabilities. According to
a technical report by Air Power Australia,
an independent defense think tank, the key innovation that sets the
DWL002 apart from its other ELS predecessors is its use of “paired
primary wideband apertures, displaced in elevation.” Based on the
report, this seems to be extent of the DWL002′s capacity to impress.
That report further emphasizes the DWL002′s height-finding capabilities
more so than its explicit anti-stealth capabilities. The Air Power
Australia report is widely skeptical of claims that the DWL002 and other
variants on Soviet-era passive detection systems are technically
capable of what is often touted, i.e. China hasn’t “solved” anti-stealth
just yet. In general, however, passive detection radar systems will
likely benefit from the increasingly signal-heavy nature of U.S.
military aviation technologies — the systems work by constantly
listening for and detecting electronic emissions. U.S. fighters —
especially the upcoming F-35 — could have incoming and outgoing signal
traffic detected by this system (although the more data-heavy Multi
Function Advanced Datalink runs only when the aircraft is in
low observable stealth mode).
Overall, the DWL002 is likely less of a threat to contemporary U.S.
stealth aviation than recent reports would suggest. In the meantime, it
should be noted that China isn’t putting all its eggs in the
anti-stealth technology basket. In addition to defensive investments in
anti-stealth, China has long been proactive about developing its own
stealth aircraft. Recently,
a full-scale model of China’s Shenyang J-31 stealth multirole fighter
appeared on a PLAN carrier mock-up, prompting speculation that China is
looking to deploy its own stealth jets at sea. Additionally, the
Chengdu-20, a stealth air superiority fighter, is also under development
and is expected to be operational later this decade.
The Diplomat. How Effective Is China’s New Anti-Stealth Radar System Really