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Planetary 'autopsies' indicate worlds like Earth are common in the cosmos, suggesting life also is

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<a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2019/10/18/world/science-health-world/planetary-autopsies-indicate-worlds-like-earth-common-cosmos-suggesting-life-also/" target="_blank">A new way of studying planets in other solar systems.</a><br />
<br />
WASHINGTON – A new way of studying planets in other solar systems — by 
doing sort of an autopsy on planetary wreckage devoured by a type of 
star called a white dwarf — is showing that rocky worlds with 
geochemistry similar to Earth may be quite common in the cosmos.<br />
<br />
In a study published on Thursday, researchers studied six white dwarfs 
whose strong gravitational pull had sucked in shredded remnants of 
planets and other rocky bodies that had been in orbit. This material, 
they found, was very much like that present in rocky planets such as 
Earth and Mars in our solar system.<br />
<br />
Given that Earth harbors an abundance of life, the findings offer the 
latest tantalizing evidence that planets similarly capable of hosting 
life exist in large numbers beyond our solar system.<br />
<br />
“The more we find commonalities between planets made in our solar system
 and those around other stars, the more the odds are enhanced that the 
Earth is not unusual,” said Edward Young, a geochemistry and 
cosmochemistry professor at the University of California, Los Angeles 
(UCLA), who helped lead the study published in the journal Science. “The
 more Earth-like planets, the greater the odds for life as we understand
 it.”<br />
<br />
The first planets beyond our solar system, called exoplanets, were 
spotted in the 1990s, but it has been tough for scientists to determine 
their composition. Studying white dwarfs offered a new avenue.<br />
<br />
A white dwarf is the burned-out core of a sun-like star. In its death 
throes, the star blows off its outer layer and the rest collapses, 
forming an extremely dense and relatively small entity that represents 
one of the universe’s densest forms of matter, exceeded only by neutron 
stars and black holes.<br />
<br />
Planets and other objects that once orbited it can be ejected into 
interstellar space. But if they stray near its immense gravitation 
field, they “will be shredded into dust, and that dust will begin to 
fall onto the star and sink out of sight,” said study lead author 
Alexandra Doyle, a UCLA graduate student in geochemistry and 
astrochemistry.<br />
<br />
“This is where that ‘autopsy’ idea comes from,” Doyle added, noting that
 by observing the elements from the massacred planets and other objects 
inside the white dwarf scientists can understand their composition.<br />
<br />
The researchers observed a fundamental characteristic of the rocks: 
their state of oxidation. The amount of oxygen present during the 
formation of these rocks was high — just as it was during the formation 
of our solar system’s rocky material. They focused on iron, which when 
oxidized ends up as rock.<br />
<br />
“Rocks are rocks, even when they form around other stars,” Young said.<br />
The closest of the six white dwarf stars is about 200 light-years from Earth. The farthest is about 665 light-years away.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
Mysterious Light Ball: UFO Spotted Near Australia’s Toowoomba 
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Planetary 'autopsies' indicate worlds like Earth are common in the cosmos, suggesting life also is

A new way of studying planets in other solar systems. WASHINGTON – A new way of studying planets in other solar systems — by doing sor...

Analysis: Chinese drones UAVs at military parade Beijing China October 2019

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<a href="https://www.airrecognition.com/index.php/focus-analysis-photo-report-aviation-defence-industry/aviation-defence-industry-technology/5496-analysis-china-exhibits-advanced-drones-in-military-parade-part-2.html?fbclid=IwAR1WjcjsUi0TpbGulAmc50L_NIGgKmGoFOpCrhytri5E-RspPInF_EdAKu0" target="_blank">Aviation defence industry technology</a><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
During the military parade in Beijing, 
China, which was held during the celebrations marking 70 years of the 
founding of the People's Republic of China, military unmanned aerial 
vehicles (UAV) of China were showcased among other miliary equipment in a
 parade. Here is the complete list and analysis of Air Recognition 
editorial team of these UAVs and drones shown during the military parade
 in order of appearance, on October 1, 2019.</div>
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<div style="text-align: center;">
<img alt="Analysis China exhibits advanced drones in military parade complete list 01" class="image-article" height="616" src="https://www.airrecognition.com/images/stories/news/2019/october/Analysis_China_exhibits_advanced_drones_in_military_parade_-_complete_list_-_01.jpg" style="border: 1px solid #000000;" width="925" /><strong><strong>WZ-8 "Dark Sword" high-altitude reconnaissance drone (Picture source: Air Recognition)</strong></strong></div>
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The weaponry includes reconnaissance drones in multi-range and multi-altitude areas.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Among them, a high-altitude high-speed 
reconnaissance drone, the only all black-coating UAV in the parade, made
 public appearance for the first time.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The phalanx showcases the new-type 
combat force in the future warfare and all these aerial armaments 
reviewed are domestically-developed, said Dang Dongxing, a military 
official of one of the phalanxes, noting that China's unmanned combat 
armaments are close to or have reached the world-leading level in some 
aspects.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The hypersonic  WZ-8 "Dark Sword" UAV 
was unveiled. It could likely be able to fly at a high-supersonic speed 
and have stealth capabilities, military analysts said. They added that 
the new drone has small wings and is shaped like a dagger. It is meant 
to be launched in the air via a bomber or transport aircraft.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The drone could provide more reliable 
reconnaissance data than satellites. The biggest advantage of the drone 
is that it can effectively gather intelligence in real-time in a 
controllable way compared to other platforms like satellites, Wu Jian, 
editor of Defense Weekly under Shanghai-based Xinmin Evening News, was 
quoted as saying by Global Times.</div>
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<div style="text-align: center;">
<img alt="Analysis China exhibits advanced drones in military parade complete list 02" class="image-article" height="616" src="https://www.airrecognition.com/images/stories/news/2019/october/Analysis_China_exhibits_advanced_drones_in_military_parade_-_complete_list_-_02.jpg" style="border: 1px solid #000000;" width="925" /> <strong> JY-203 (Picture source: Air Recognition)</strong></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
The <a href="https://www.armyrecognition.com/china_chinese_unmanned_aerial_ground_systems_uk/jy-203_uav_unmanned_aerial_vehicle_sar_system_data_sheet_specifications_description_pictures_video.html" rel="noopener" target="_blank"><strong>JY-203 UAV</strong></a>
 system is a reconnaissance system based upon Synthetic Aperture Radar 
(SAR) sensor (Ku band), which is installed on UAV (Unmanned Aerial 
Vehicle), and also on broad range of other aircraft - turbo-prop, jet, 
or helicopter. JY-203 system can keep constant imaging resolution within
 the entire effective detection area, and has certain penetration 
characteristics, under the influence of light, dust, smoke, fog, cloud 
and temperature. It is featured with a large detection area and long 
detection range.</div>
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<img alt="Analysis China exhibits advanced drones in military parade part 2 01" class="image-article" height="616" src="https://www.airrecognition.com/images/stories/news/2019/october/Analysis_China_exhibits_advanced_drones_in_military_parade_-_part_2_-01.jpg" style="border: 1px solid #000000;" width="925" /> <strong>Aisheng BZK-008</strong> <strong>(Picture source:<strong> news.cn</strong> )</strong></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
The Aisheng BZK-008 UAV (also 
called CH-91) is designed to carry out tasks related to reconnaissance 
of the terrain and airspace, the implementation of observation and 
patrol missions, aerial photography and aerial photography of the 
terrain, and monitoring and control.<br /><br />The CH-91 is a fixed-wing 
UAV in twin-boom layout with an inverted v-tail and a pair of skids as 
landing gear. Propulsion is provided by a two-blade propeller driven by a
 pusher engine mounted at the rear end of the fuselage.<br /><br />The CH-91
 has a maximum takeoff weight of 210. It can fly at a maximum speed of 
320 km/h and has a cruising speed of 210 km/h at a maximum distance of 
410 km/h with a maximum altitude of 5,100 m.</div>
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<div style="text-align: center;">
<img alt="Analysis China exhibits advanced drones in military parade complete list 03" class="image-article" height="616" src="https://www.airrecognition.com/images/stories/news/2019/october/Analysis_China_exhibits_advanced_drones_in_military_parade_-_complete_list_-_03.jpg" style="border: 1px solid #000000;" width="925" /> <strong>Sky Saker FX500</strong> <strong>(Picture source: Air Recognition)</strong></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
The Sky Saker FX500 reconnaissance UAV 
system, by Norinco, adopts high-speed UAV platform of low RCS (Radar 
Cross-Section) propelled by turbojet engine. It is equipped with GPS and
 INS combined navigation system, laser illuminator and can be loaded 
with such airborne mission equipment as multi-purpose opto¬electronic 
reconnaissance equipment, synthetic aperture radar and digital camera, 
etc. as required. It has a payload capacity of 50 kg and an endurance of
 2 hours. The Sky Saker FX500 can fly at a maximum speed of 800 km/h. 
With high altitude penetration, it can perform penetration at an 
altitude of up to 9,000 m.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The Sky Saker FX500 can be equipped with
 various mission payloads, such as GPS+INS combined navigation system, 
TV reconnaissance equipment, forward-looking IR reconnaissance 
equipment, laser illuminator, synthetic aperture radar, digital camera 
and information transmission equipment, etc.</div>
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<div style="text-align: center;">
<img alt="China exhibits advanced drones in military parade 05" class="image-article" height="516" src="https://www.airrecognition.com/images/stories/news/2019/october/China_exhibits_advanced_drones_in_military_parade-05.jpg" style="border: 1px solid #000000;" width="925" /> <strong> Wing Loong II (Picture source: news.cn)</strong></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
The <a href="https://www.armyrecognition.com/china_chinese_unmanned_aerial_ground_systems_uk/wing_loong_ii_2_uav_male_armed_drone_data_pictures_video_11906174.html" rel="noopener" target="_blank"><strong>Wing Loong II</strong></a>
 UAV MALE is developed primarily for the export market and is intended 
for surveillance and aerial reconnaissance missions. The Wing Loong II 
is an improved version of the Wing Loong 1 UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle)
 in the category of MALE (medium-altitude Long-Endurance) designed and 
manufactured in China by the Aviation Industry Corporation of China 
(AVIC). Compared with Wing Loong I, the Wing Loong II has an optimized 
aerodynamic design, an improved airframe and upgraded airborne systems, 
featuring better capabilities in terms of flight, payload and 
information capacity.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The Wing Loong II UAV MALE is powered by
 a turbocharged engine, driving a three-bladed propeller, mounted at the
 rear section. It can fly during 20 hours and has a maximum speed of 370
 km per hour. The Wing Loong II has an operational radius of 1,500 km 
and that it is equipped with a satellite communications system.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
It has a maximum payload capacity of 400
 kg. It is able of carrying up to 12 laser-guided bombs or missiles with
 a total weight of 480 kilograms. The Wing Loong 1 can carry only two 
bombs or missiles with a combined weight of 100 kg. At Zhuhai Air Show 
2016, the Wing Loong II was shown with different types of bombs and 
missiles as the FT-9/50 50kg bomb, GB3 250 kg laser-guided bomb, TL-10 
bomb and more. The electro-optical payload pod, fitted under the forward
 section of the fuselage, is integrated with day/night and infrared 
cameras and sensors to collect surveillance and targeting data in both 
day and low-light / night conditions.</div>
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<div style="text-align: center;">
<img alt="Analysis China exhibits advanced drones in military parade complete list 04" class="image-article" height="616" src="https://www.airrecognition.com/images/stories/news/2019/october/Analysis_China_exhibits_advanced_drones_in_military_parade_-_complete_list_-_04.jpg" style="border: 1px solid #000000;" width="925" /> <strong>GongJi GJ-11 "Sharp Sword" stealth attack drone (Picture source: Air Recognition)</strong></div>
<hr class="line" />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Another new drone on display in Beijing 
was the GJ-11 "Sharp Sword" long-range stealth attack drone, which is 
based on the American-made B-2 strategic bomber, and is designed to 
strike targets deep in enemy territory without being detected.<br /><br />The
 design of the Chinese-made GJ-11 "Sharp Sword" seems very similar to 
the American-made X-47B from Northrop Grumann and the 
Russian-made Okhotnik (Hunter) which has performed its first successful 
maiden flight on July 2019.<br /><br />The GJ-11 is part of a unmanned 
aerial vehicle program launched in China by Shenyang Aircraft Design 
Institute (SYADI) of Aviation Industry Corporation of China (AVIC) and 
Shenyang Aerospace University. The Sharp Sword is jet-powered and has a 
wingspan of 14 meters. It's not yet known the precise mission Sharp 
Sword is assigned, but possible missions would including reconnaissance 
and eventually combat missions. On Nov 21 2013, Sharp Sword conducted a 
20-minute long maiden flight from HAIG's airfield.</div>
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<div style="text-align: center;">
<img alt="Analysis China exhibits advanced drones in military parade complete list 05" class="image-article" height="616" src="https://www.airrecognition.com/images/stories/news/2019/october/Analysis_China_exhibits_advanced_drones_in_military_parade_-_complete_list_-_05.jpg" style="border: 1px solid #000000;" width="925" /> <strong>ASN-301</strong> <strong>(Picture source:<strong> Air Recognition</strong>)</strong></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
The <a href="https://www.armyrecognition.com/idex_2017_official_online_show_daily_news/defense_industry_of_china_unveils_asn-301_anti-radiation_uas_unmanned_aerial_system_at_idex_12602173.html" rel="noopener" target="_blank"><strong>ASN-301</strong></a>
 is a delta-wing aircraft with a pusher propeller that looks virtually 
identical to the Harpy. It is designed to fly into hostile airspace and 
loiter until it detects a radar, at which point it homes in on the 
target and destroys it. The ASN-301 has a flying time of 4 hours and a 
range of 280 km. Rather than holding a separate high-explosive warhead, 
the drone itself is the main ammunition. The warhead contains a total of
 7,000 fragment and has a destructive range of 20 m.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
It can either operate fully 
autonomously, or it can be controlled by a remote operator. It is 
designed to attack radar systems and is optimized for the SEAD 
(Suppression of Enemy Air Defenses) role.</div>
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Analysis: Chinese drones UAVs at military parade Beijing China October 2019

Aviation defence industry technology During the military parade in Beijing, China, which was held during the celebrations marking 70 ye...

Chinese scientists are trying to develop drones that can fly without the help of a satellite

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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhmm_hwCnfMVyytywtSTrFN5RnfPBAf4bBslunc0E_G6VV3WLRX9f0gc1SIXE1aw9UFgfLNTB27Ax5D9OYu-QEkVv2dnhY-kmrzKTqMYiwOOnxX2BupvmsUEF93S5meTtSpEbpd2LFk1Mc/s1600/Chinese+scientists+are+trying+to+develop+drones+that+can+fly+without+the+help+of+a+satellite..jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="800" data-original-width="1200" height="426" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhmm_hwCnfMVyytywtSTrFN5RnfPBAf4bBslunc0E_G6VV3WLRX9f0gc1SIXE1aw9UFgfLNTB27Ax5D9OYu-QEkVv2dnhY-kmrzKTqMYiwOOnxX2BupvmsUEF93S5meTtSpEbpd2LFk1Mc/s640/Chinese+scientists+are+trying+to+develop+drones+that+can+fly+without+the+help+of+a+satellite..jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
Photo: AP<br />
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Scientists
 and engineers in southern China say they have developed technology that
 will allow drones to navigate accurately without satellite guidance.</div>
</div>
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Most
 unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) rely on systems such as China’s BeiDou 
or America’s GPS to find their way around, but signals can be jammed or 
weakened.</div>
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Military
 drones can be equipped with terrain-contour matching software and 
guidance systems such as gyroscopes to watch their speed and direction 
and use that information to work out their position from point of 
take-off.</div>
</div>
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But
 these systems are too bulky, complex and expensive for commercial 
drones. At the Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology in Guangdong 
province, Professor Zhou Yimin and her colleagues think they have a 
simple solution to a weighty problem.</div>
</div>
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They
 developed software that can fix an object on the ground, such as a 
tree, from a series of images taken by a video camera aboard the drone. 
The data is combined with the readings from the UAV’s movement sensors 
and a flight path coordinated.</div>
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According
 to a patent filed by Zhou’s team in July, the system had to overcome a 
problem – an industry standard camera takes 30 frames per second, far 
more than the computer aboard a typical drone can process.</div>
</div>
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To
 solve the problem, Zhou allowed the computer to “cherry-pick” the 
photos it used for ground reference. She wrote an algorithm that would 
quickly look over the images and single out those with helpful 
landmarks.</div>
</div>
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This
 could also mean that the tree could be blurred by motion or blocked 
from view by a building. But the drone would fly on and its sensors 
would correct its course when observations resumed.</div>
</div>
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Zhou could not be reached for comment on her team’s findings.</div>
</div>
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On
 Monday, a scientist at the institute in Shenzhen – home to some of the 
world’s biggest drone producers – confirmed the development but would 
not talk about the accuracy and effective range of the system because of
 its possible military sensitivity.</div>
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<br /></div>
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<img alt="Engineers are seeking alternatives to satellite navigation for commercial drones. Photo: Nvidia" class="wrapper__img preview-img-item img--landscape" data-src="https://cdn.i-scmp.com/sites/default/files/d8/images/methode/2019/10/12/2c7b903e-ea81-11e9-9e8e-4022fb9638c4_1320x770_173002.jpg" data-v-af28954e="" src="https://cdn.i-scmp.com/sites/default/files/d8/images/methode/2019/10/12/2c7b903e-ea81-11e9-9e8e-4022fb9638c4_1320x770_173002.jpg" style="width: 100%;" /></div>
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Engineers are seeking alternatives to satellite navigation for commercial drones. Photo: Nvidia</div>
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Professor
 Zhao Long, digital navigation centre director with the Beijing 
University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, said it was becoming 
possible for small drones to fly without satellite help thanks to the 
maturity of alternative technology and the falling cost of hardware.</div>
</div>
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US-based
 company Nvidia launched a similar project in 2017, while this year 
Everdrone, a Swedish company, completed the first autonomous journey 
between two hospitals in Gothenburg using a UAV with limited GPS help.</div>
</div>
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“But there are still some environments in which they [drones] cannot fly,” Zhao said.</div>
</div>
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This may including night-time flights where UAV cameras struggle to find reference points.</div>
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<br /></div>
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Out-of-the-box
 commercial drones using GPS, BeiDou, Europe’s Galileo or Russia’s 
Glonnas receivers will not navigate in no-fly zones near sensitive 
facilities such as airports and government buildings.</div>
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But governments and armed forces were already preparing for GPS-free drones, Zhao said.</div>
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The
 latest anti-drone systems consist not only of a device to jam satellite
 signals, but also have low-frequency sound monitors, highly sensitive 
radar and powerful lasers to locate and destroy intruders.</div>
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“[So] I don’t see a reason why alternative guidance technology should be barred from civilian [use],” Zhao said.</div>
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<i>This <a href="https://www.scmp.com/news/china/science/article/3032213/chinese-scientists-create-landmark-spotting-navigation-system" target="_blank">article</a> appeared in the South China Morning Post print edition as: new drone navigation system may rival GPS</i></div>
<br /></div>

Chinese scientists are trying to develop drones that can fly without the help of a satellite

Photo: AP Scientists and engineers in southern China say they have developed technology that will allow drones to navigate accurate...

The Next Space Race: Is America Ready For Chinese Space Drones?

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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqGmLt2-UP1qgNBa9DXoh9E5fF0G2aTFCk9WAUEPym3PaMPY2JWVsrp9FcGLLN2FuqH-759xIEGlYBg4Us8_AHGa73qI4FESOkjNxtcD64PC-lOJU-F_IdggwQ4yJzqFvENokvWG-5LEM/s1600/UAV++Flying+Cloud++++concept+from+CASIC%2527s+3rd+Academy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="720" data-original-width="1280" height="360" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqGmLt2-UP1qgNBa9DXoh9E5fF0G2aTFCk9WAUEPym3PaMPY2JWVsrp9FcGLLN2FuqH-759xIEGlYBg4Us8_AHGa73qI4FESOkjNxtcD64PC-lOJU-F_IdggwQ4yJzqFvENokvWG-5LEM/s640/UAV++Flying+Cloud++++concept+from+CASIC%2527s+3rd+Academy.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
 Flying Cloud uav, concept from CASIC's 3rd Academy<br />
<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi1XULvOxRe0coZHZuYFrjvDTEvHW1scy8hpRqr3ebjdoxwWWjnE2E4pPIJQYvmjHWdKdGMbyKsWqRqLNiyoIaD5y-o8OideFSRavzOEjo9cTGYgXcAXIqjSSSTX6zZgG1Qz7N7Udp-oHw/s1600/UAV++Flying+Cloud.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="960" data-original-width="1200" height="512" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi1XULvOxRe0coZHZuYFrjvDTEvHW1scy8hpRqr3ebjdoxwWWjnE2E4pPIJQYvmjHWdKdGMbyKsWqRqLNiyoIaD5y-o8OideFSRavzOEjo9cTGYgXcAXIqjSSSTX6zZgG1Qz7N7Udp-oHw/s640/UAV++Flying+Cloud.jpeg" width="640" /></a></div>
 Feiyun solar-powered drone<br />
<br />
In a major breakthrough, China has unveiled a formidable new 
high-altitude drone that could give its military a significant 
advantage.<br />
<br />
Designed to operate in “near space,” 12.5 miles above sea level or 
higher, China’s new drones can break through air defenses, avoid radar 
detection, and collect valuable intelligence while staying well beyond 
the range of anti-aircraft fire.<br />
<br />
Operating at these heights has been a challenge that has long eluded 
engineers. Dubbed a drone “death zone” as the air at this elevation 
makes it difficult to generate lift and extremely low temperatures cause
 electrical equipment like batteries to fail.<br />
<br />
Until now, the U.S. military’s <a class="externalLink" href="http://nationalinterest.org/feature/the-5-most-lethal-drones-all-time-12326" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">RQ-4 Global Hawk</a>
 has been the highest-flying drone, operating at altitudes of 60,000 
feet. But in a recent test, Chinese engineers surpassed that, flying an 
experimental drone at 82,000 feet.<br />
<br />
At a research facility in Inner Mongolia, two drones were attached to a 
weather balloon and deployed at 30,000 feet and 82,000 feet. Roughly the
 size of a bat and weighing about as much as a soccer ball, the drones 
were launched by an electromagnetic pulse sling shot that catapulted 
them out at 60 mph.<br />
<br />
The drones coasted to targets over sixty miles away, automatically 
adjusting their flight path and sending data back to a ground station. 
Most notably, due to their small size, they were barely detectable on 
radar during their test flight.<br />
<br />
The drones were equipped with several sensors, including a terrain 
mapping device and an electromagnetic signal detector that would allow 
it to pinpoint military troops. However, the drones could not carry 
cameras, as that would require a bulky antenna to transmit photo or 
video data, which would throw off its delicate aerodynamics.<br />
<br />
Its wings and body are seamlessly blended into a flat, tailless design 
that generates lift in the thin atmosphere of near space. Some models, 
like the two recently tested, do not have engines, instead drifting to 
their targets like a glider.<br />
<br />
“The goal of our research is to launch hundreds of these drones in one 
shot, like letting loose a bee or ant colony,” Professor Yang Yanchu, 
the head of the project from the Chinese Academy of Sciences,<a class="externalLink" href="http://www.scmp.com/news/china/society/article/2117709/china-tests-new-spy-drones-near-space-death-zone?utm_source=edm&utm_medium=edm&utm_content=20171031&utm_campaign=scmp_china&emarsys=1&sc_src=email_2060322&sc_llid=1157&sc_lid=146777614&sc_uid=CdSb7QuJVI" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"> told</a> the <i>South China Morning Post</i>.<br />
<br />
Militaries have long sought to take advantage of near space as it offers
 an opportunity to gather intelligence over large-areas without the 
costs or vulnerabilities of satellites.<br />
<br />
As advanced militaries increasingly rely on satellites for everything 
from intelligence to communications to missile guidance, they have 
become <a class="externalLink" href="http://nationalinterest.org/blog/the-buzz/how-china-would-win-war-against-america-kill-washingtons-21879" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">high-priority targets</a>
 during wartime, and are difficult to defend. Therefore, having near 
space vehicles capable of gathering intelligence, relaying data, and 
serving as a backup or even replacement satellites would be invaluable.<br />
<br />
But so far no country has been able to operate in near space, as most 
aircraft cannot fly at such high altitudes and it is too low for 
satellites.<br />
<br />
China has been actively developing new technology that would allow it to
 operate in this largely uncontested new frontier with its Scientific 
Experiment System of Near Space, a pilot program led by the Chinese 
Academy of Sciences.<br />
<br />
In June, China test<a class="externalLink" href="https://www.popsci.com/china-solar-powered-drone" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"> flew</a>
 a solar-powered drone at 65,000 feet. The massive drone, dubbed the 
Caihong-T4, has a wingspan of 130 ft and is designed to stay aloft for 
months at a time with minimal supervision.<br />
<br />
Not to be outdone, NASA currently holds the record with its Helios Prototype, which<a class="externalLink" href="https://www.nasa.gov/centers/armstrong/news/FactSheets/FS-068-DFRC.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"> soared</a> to nearly 97,000 feet on solar power.<br />
<br />
But unlike these prototypes and current high-altitude drones which cost 
millions of dollars, China’s newest high-flying drone would <a class="externalLink" href="http://nationalinterest.org/feature/the-coming-drone-wars-headache-the-making-american-foreign-21662" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">only cost</a> a few hundred yuan.<br />
<br />
With these cheap, stealthy high-altitude drones, China has leapt ahead in the near space race.<br />
<br />
<i>Eugene K. Chow writes on foreign policy and military affairs. His work has been published in </i>The Week, Huffington Post<i>, and </i>The Diplomat<i>. This article first appeared in 2017.</i><br />
<br />
<br /></div>

The Next Space Race: Is America Ready For Chinese Space Drones?

Flying Cloud uav, concept from CASIC's 3rd Academy Feiyun solar-powered drone In a major breakthrough, China has unveiled a f...

Helicopter dubbed ‘Super Great White Shark’ makes waves at Tianjin airshow

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<img alt="" data-aria-label-part="" src="https://pbs.twimg.com/media/EGfB3mzU0AANgwn.jpg" style="top: 0px; width: 100%;" /><br />
<br />
<div class="article__summary summary ">
A futuristic-looking helicopter prototype has attracted an 
enormous amount of attention just by sitting on the ground at the 
airshow in Tianjin, China. The ‘Super Great White Shark’ looks like a 
flying saucer – or a robot vacuum.
    </div>
Images of the circular 
rotorcraft appeared online on the eve of the fifth China Helicopter 
Exposition, which officially opened in Tianjin on Thursday. While in the
 <i>“initial stage of its design,”</i> according to the machine-translated sign at the exhibit, it is supposed to draw on the <i>“mature”</i> design technologies used in the contemporary US and Russian attack and cargo helicopters.<br />
<br />
<blockquote class="twitter-tweet" data-lang="en">
<div dir="ltr" lang="it">
Chinese UFO <a href="https://t.co/B3KVL3qgtE">pic.twitter.com/B3KVL3qgtE</a></div>
— Alert 5 (@alert5) <a href="https://twitter.com/alert5/status/1181838441434058753?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">October 9, 2019</a></blockquote>
<br />
<blockquote class="twitter-tweet" data-lang="en">
<div dir="ltr" lang="en">
‘UFO Flying Saucer’ on Display at Chinese Air Show – While the U.S. government seems to be preoccupied with tariffs on conventional Chinese goods, someone needs to be keeping an eye on that countr... <a href="https://t.co/JNSo7soSkQ">https://t.co/JNSo7soSkQ</a> <a href="https://t.co/ZjFdADC3Ax">pic.twitter.com/ZjFdADC3Ax</a></div>
— Stranger Times (@mystrangertimes) <a href="https://twitter.com/mystrangertimes/status/1183384157981949952?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">October 13, 2019</a></blockquote>
<br />
The sign also claims that a new <i>“conceptual design of propeller blades has been successfully applied in helicopter design.” </i><br />
A
 cutaway schematic of the vehicle that has circulated on the Chinese 
internet shows two pilots seated in the cockpit mounted in the middle of
 a giant rotor, encased in the saucer-like body of the helicopter.<br />
<br />
<img alt="" data-aria-label-part="" src="https://pbs.twimg.com/media/EGrSZF_VUAAK6OK.jpg" style="height: 100%; left: -24px;" /><br />
<br />
All of the images and video from Tianjin show the prototype sitting 
on the ground, rather than in flight. If it actually takes to the skies,
 this would mean that Chinese helicopter designers have finally solved 
the challenge of making a functioning rotorcraft – something that has 
baffled Western inventors since the Second World War.<br />
The most famous of these experiments has to be the VZ-9 Avrocar, the <i>“flying saucer”</i>
 developed by Avro Canada in 1958 as a secret weapon for the Cold War. 
It never overcame the thrust and stability problems, however, and was 
canceled in 1961.<br />
<br />
As for the ‘Super Great White Shark,’ some social media users have 
already noted that it resembles the Roomba family of robotic vacuum 
cleaners far more than the deep-sea predator it was named after.<br />
<br />
<br />
<blockquote class="twitter-tweet" data-lang="en">
<div dir="ltr" lang="en">
UFO ON THE MOON SEEN BY CHINESE ROVER <a href="https://t.co/1EkPsDikhV">https://t.co/1EkPsDikhV</a> via <a href="https://twitter.com/YouTube?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">@YouTube</a></div>
— MultiMedia (@jnetscripts) <a href="https://twitter.com/jnetscripts/status/1183469814645481474?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">October 13, 2019</a></blockquote>
<br />
<br /></div>

Helicopter dubbed ‘Super Great White Shark’ makes waves at Tianjin airshow

A futuristic-looking helicopter prototype has attracted an enormous amount of attention just by sitting on the ground at the airsho...

DF-17 hypersonic boost-glide missile

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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-XVwIewJVffS5OfTxj-XK5EdX6jJV4iccQH_JOXWc_ioOh4LmeSxHhaSt9WhXDa2K39Lp8gexHhNmtNYVnC4JBthD6jEN_k5tXBk5pq-XXSYuLMfONKAckp5dh7tSTTSM6ltMdVd6kko/s1600/DF+17+missiles+%25282%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="768" data-original-width="1153" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-XVwIewJVffS5OfTxj-XK5EdX6jJV4iccQH_JOXWc_ioOh4LmeSxHhaSt9WhXDa2K39Lp8gexHhNmtNYVnC4JBthD6jEN_k5tXBk5pq-XXSYuLMfONKAckp5dh7tSTTSM6ltMdVd6kko/s1600/DF+17+missiles+%25282%2529.jpg" /></a></div>
 Dongfeng-17 
(DF-17), glider vehicles for its ballistic missiles,  which is now capable of gliding in outer atmosphere at upwards 
of five times the speed of sound or more, making it more able to evade missile 
defence systems.<br />
<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgwv1FyTdKYrgy5Rae1W8mZfIAj_Ru7O_aS0OWiCP5lKfl7GJOVDmQk9-P-NYkzsbwHECDwDtjllFiI1Nrf_h8Codn-J9CXMGLtTGsuukyq7pa41b6sst-WgsWvL2gv27KFZkPmuPPVOCE/s1600/DF+17%252C+DF+100+%2526+DF+41+make+debuts+at+National+Day+parade++%25281%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="768" data-original-width="1365" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgwv1FyTdKYrgy5Rae1W8mZfIAj_Ru7O_aS0OWiCP5lKfl7GJOVDmQk9-P-NYkzsbwHECDwDtjllFiI1Nrf_h8Codn-J9CXMGLtTGsuukyq7pa41b6sst-WgsWvL2gv27KFZkPmuPPVOCE/s1600/DF+17%252C+DF+100+%2526+DF+41+make+debuts+at+National+Day+parade++%25281%2529.jpg" /></a></div>
Dong Feng 17 (DF-17) hypersonic boost-glide missile. No effective defence against this weapons.<br />
<br />
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Unlike traditional ballistic missile re-entry vehicles, which are propelled to great heights by a booster rocket only to fall back to Earth on a roughly predictable trajectory, boost-glide vehicles leverage atmospheric lift and drag forces to glide – imagine a pebble skipping over the surface of a lake.
As they glide they accumulate tremendous heat and speed. To a limited degree, they can manoeuvre low to evade radars designed to look for high-flying missile re-entry vehicles outside the Earth’s atmosphere. Because they give such little warning, in the final moments of flight, the weapons can catch point defences – such as short-range missile defence systems – off guard.<br />
<br />
<img alt="mmexport1569933356357.jpg" class="bbCodeImage LbImage" src="https://defence.pk/pdf/attachments/mmexport1569933356357-jpg.581919/" /><br />
DF-17 was a conventional-only weapon.<br />
<br />
<img alt="img-9ef91da6dadd7799ca6a03a256d122a1.jpg" class="bbCodeImage LbImage" src="https://defence.pk/pdf/attachments/img-9ef91da6dadd7799ca6a03a256d122a1-jpg.581913/" /><br />
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<img alt="img-d414d2b3ed7f8793507fbb113a40524f.jpg" class="bbCodeImage LbImage" src="https://defence.pk/pdf/attachments/img-d414d2b3ed7f8793507fbb113a40524f-jpg.582186/" /><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<b>DF 17, DF 100 & DF 41 make debuts at National Day parade</b><br />
<b> </b>
<br />
<iframe allow="accelerometer; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="460" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/CMUbpMTfZtE" width="660"></iframe>

DF-17 hypersonic boost-glide missile

Dongfeng-17 (DF-17), glider vehicles for its ballistic missiles, which is now capable of gliding in outer atmosphere at upwards of fi...

CJ 100 or DF 100 Cruise Missile

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<span style="font-size: 12px;">     DF-100 Hypersonic Cruise Missile at 
National Day Military Parade 2019. With a range of 2000-3000 kms that is
 capable of hitting land targets or large warships.</span><br />
<br />
The People's Liberation Army Rocket Force, or PLARF, <a class="externalLink" href="https://www.thedrive.com/the-war-zone/30058/lets-talk-about-this-previously-unseen-ground-launched-missile-that-china-just-leaked" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">posted</a>
 the full video on social media on Sept. 25, 2019. Sometime afterward, 
the original one-minute long montage was replaced with one that omitted 
the launch of the unknown weapon and replaced it with unrelated footage 
of known missiles, according to the <a class="externalLink" href="https://www.scmp.com/news/china/military/article/3030552/did-china-just-accidentally-show-its-new-supersonic-cruise" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><i>SCMP.</i></a><br />
<br />
There is no obvious indication about what this new missile is or what 
its mission may be. The video shows that it is vertically launched from a
 10-wheel transporter-erector-launcher (TEL) that appears to be able to 
carry two of the weapons in a ready-to-fire configuration. Photos of 
preparations for the 70th-anniversary parade in Beijing on Oct. 1, 2019,
 have shown a similar, previously unseen TEL with its entire rear 
section tarped off.<br />
<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgEd40ucCR7yAZWnn-edXnfdnb5ihdAGJkYP3u9JOG0q7JUxxqv31AEsRgXPsmi9-PiA04WusKZNKCQIsHs9oTm3E6bV1lPlDWWwLHKy5o96TwVsUf3H4E-5klMQigrOz5iiFFWfMrrrww/s1600/A+screenshot+from+the+original+PLARF+video+showing+the+TEL+as+the+missile+begins+to+blast+off..jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="514" data-original-width="1000" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgEd40ucCR7yAZWnn-edXnfdnb5ihdAGJkYP3u9JOG0q7JUxxqv31AEsRgXPsmi9-PiA04WusKZNKCQIsHs9oTm3E6bV1lPlDWWwLHKy5o96TwVsUf3H4E-5klMQigrOz5iiFFWfMrrrww/s1600/A+screenshot+from+the+original+PLARF+video+showing+the+TEL+as+the+missile+begins+to+blast+off..jpg" /></a></div>
A screenshot from the original PLARF video showing the TEL as the missile begins to blast off.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhf-PQ5eFQFo5yzFmYhZ6TMcLiqIxZV7_cgqCTKLZQcGSqti_u3dVPBW2Ed2RU_VuYC-OUVV5P-tnIo9XOfX6MYhj1MD1wSbNMKcTNi1SddL0R6flQo4hUYOBNqU52XyDgHfiWLe7uWOIY/s1600/CJ+100++++PLARF+posted+the+full+video+on+social+media+on+Sept.+25%252C+2019.webp" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="810" data-original-width="1440" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhf-PQ5eFQFo5yzFmYhZ6TMcLiqIxZV7_cgqCTKLZQcGSqti_u3dVPBW2Ed2RU_VuYC-OUVV5P-tnIo9XOfX6MYhj1MD1wSbNMKcTNi1SddL0R6flQo4hUYOBNqU52XyDgHfiWLe7uWOIY/s1600/CJ+100++++PLARF+posted+the+full+video+on+social+media+on+Sept.+25%252C+2019.webp" /></a><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhTMZkVlb_b4JRFFTHlrf-7_LqJy3rHMX0ncwfP04fK6h569snjjZIkh4jpkQiKX1_H0MRrw0kYWfBhjoWFBAieAx31aOCcodE2D1-6Dg9KrWCJgbRgUuuYpoF9jjkMwMFw6KY3TzBe_q4/s1600/The+unidentified+missile+seen+in+the+original+PLARF+video..jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="474" data-original-width="800" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhTMZkVlb_b4JRFFTHlrf-7_LqJy3rHMX0ncwfP04fK6h569snjjZIkh4jpkQiKX1_H0MRrw0kYWfBhjoWFBAieAx31aOCcodE2D1-6Dg9KrWCJgbRgUuuYpoF9jjkMwMFw6KY3TzBe_q4/s1600/The+unidentified+missile+seen+in+the+original+PLARF+video..jpg" /></a><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEheWFUheHeURfMwHXfh3B95tqnQUsKnNF7IeOS0m9DUj780b0I8reHgrB5vtzkfqBBVt-R1lLwZkZlQTI_G794PnHd4YaGSLVkmCf6D8XikhyphenhyphenbIMH7Jr32mjUop7iajcvPgqEhn9JytF3Y/s1600/img-cd2cb140ee7148c02d4d1d3e80b1bc6b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEheWFUheHeURfMwHXfh3B95tqnQUsKnNF7IeOS0m9DUj780b0I8reHgrB5vtzkfqBBVt-R1lLwZkZlQTI_G794PnHd4YaGSLVkmCf6D8XikhyphenhyphenbIMH7Jr32mjUop7iajcvPgqEhn9JytF3Y/s1600/img-cd2cb140ee7148c02d4d1d3e80b1bc6b.jpg" /></a></div>
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From Weibo<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg8-FgShGmduyHk5hr40lZqeyOfqsCMBstgBZ73aur9luwl5ShIY46r3sKh2Nnv4HmadNxH24X86mxZHxcPd5VjHbg5XbOTA9nNPdw0isvg6v2zl2hLuZyDXeKksA6jVJF6bZdRdWxmAMM/s1600/vertically+launched+from+a+10-wheel+transporter-erector-launcher+%2528TEL%2529.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="802" data-original-width="1000" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg8-FgShGmduyHk5hr40lZqeyOfqsCMBstgBZ73aur9luwl5ShIY46r3sKh2Nnv4HmadNxH24X86mxZHxcPd5VjHbg5XbOTA9nNPdw0isvg6v2zl2hLuZyDXeKksA6jVJF6bZdRdWxmAMM/s1600/vertically+launched+from+a+10-wheel+transporter-erector-launcher+%2528TEL%2529.jpg" /></a><br />
Chinese Internet<br />
A similar-looking TEL seen during preparations for the parade in Beijing on Oct. 1.<br />
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<iframe width="660" height="460" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/CMUbpMTfZtE" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>
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<blockquote class="twitter-tweet" data-lang="en"><p lang="en" dir="ltr">It seems to be CJ-100 near space supersonic(Mach 3~5) cruise missile. <a href="https://t.co/ACZ82CPOFl">https://t.co/ACZ82CPOFl</a> <a href="https://t.co/LSt46g4IkR">pic.twitter.com/LSt46g4IkR</a></p>— dafeng cao (@dafengcao) <a href="https://twitter.com/dafengcao/status/1176828135809024001?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">September 25, 2019</a></blockquote>
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The weapon itself appears to have at least two distinct parts, a main 
body with a very large rocket booster attached to the end. The booster 
would fall away at some point in the early stage of flight.<br />
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The main weapon has large strakes or fins and what appear to be a number
 of relatively long and thin fairings at the tail end, which some have 
suggested could be <a class="externalLink" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramjet" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">ramjet</a>
 intakes. An air-breathing ramjet propulsion system would fit with the 
large booster motor, since the weapon would then need to get up to an 
appropriate speed and altitude before its engines could function 
properly. A number of existing Chinese supersonic anti-ship missiles, 
such as <a class="externalLink" href="https://www.thedrive.com/the-war-zone/20616/sams-and-anti-ship-missiles-are-now-guarding-chinas-man-made-south-china-sea-islands" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">the YJ-12 series</a> or <a class="externalLink" href="http://www.globaltimes.cn/content/1126731.shtml" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">the newer HD-1</a>, use a similar general configuration.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEha3XlvEA4fS_MqwqA_NhKuGO2nIGYXmvjdFKLcTZUvUZWrJrJv3vdbLvMuWPCAFBwWPwgLthnOOp8-No9yJiQdQFKCwBz2hqX-lTXLn7OQCWc9NZ-X8l_dt5RUmAz5ZsztAC2yZn78EVY/s1600/https%25253A%25252F%25252Fs3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com%25252Fthe-drive-cms-content-staging%25252Fmessage-editor%2525252F1569618009847-hd-1.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="416" data-original-width="725" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEha3XlvEA4fS_MqwqA_NhKuGO2nIGYXmvjdFKLcTZUvUZWrJrJv3vdbLvMuWPCAFBwWPwgLthnOOp8-No9yJiQdQFKCwBz2hqX-lTXLn7OQCWc9NZ-X8l_dt5RUmAz5ZsztAC2yZn78EVY/s1600/https%25253A%25252F%25252Fs3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com%25252Fthe-drive-cms-content-staging%25252Fmessage-editor%2525252F1569618009847-hd-1.jpg" /></a> Chinese Internet<br />
China's HD-1 supersonic anti-ship cruise missile.<br />
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The PLARF already operates the ground-based subsonic <a class="externalLink" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CJ-10_(missile)" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">CJ-10</a>
 land-attack cruise missile, which has a range of approximately 930 
miles. This has led some to believe that this new weapon is a 
supersonic, or possibly hypersonic, land-attack cruise missile intended 
to replace that existing weapon.<br />
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Hypersonic speed is defined as <a class="externalLink" href="https://www.thedrive.com/the-war-zone/29705/this-video-of-a-rocket-sled-doing-6599mph-at-holloman-afb-is-absolute-insanity" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">greater than Mach 5</a>.
 The wide nose and missile body, together with the strakes/fins, would 
seem to make it unlikely that this is indeed a hypersonic weapon.<br />
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Others have posited that it could be a <a class="externalLink" href="https://twitter.com/AntoineBondaz/status/1176895639000616966" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">new quasi-ballistic missile</a>.
 However, the strakes/fins and possible ramjet propulsion would be at 
odds with what one would expect to see in a weapon that is supposed to 
fly in a ballistic flight path.<br />
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Regardless of the exact nature of its configuration, the weapon could 
also potentially be intended for other roles instead of or in addition 
to striking land targets, including engaging hostile ships at extended 
ranges. The PLARF has already developed significant <a class="externalLink" href="https://www.thedrive.com/the-war-zone/28810/chinas-reported-anti-ship-ballistic-missile-test-in-the-south-china-sea-is-a-big-deal" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">anti-ship ballistic missile capabilities</a>, most notably with <a class="externalLink" href="https://www.thedrive.com/the-war-zone/29975/new-photos-point-to-chinese-bomber-being-able-to-carry-huge-anti-ship-ballistic-missiles" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">the DF-21D</a> medium-range ballistic missile and <a class="externalLink" href="https://www.thedrive.com/the-war-zone/25904/china-wants-u-s-to-know-its-ships-in-s-china-sea-can-be-targeted-by-long-range-ballistic-missiles" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">the DF-26</a> intermediate-range ballistic missile, the latter of which is seen in the video below.<br />
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<iframe width="660" height="460" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/7395qcF2MGA" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>
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CJ 100 or DF 100 Cruise Missile

DF-100 Hypersonic Cruise Missile at National Day Military Parade 2019. With a range of 2000-3000 kms that is capable of hitting la...